Peripheral vascular diseases (PVDs) encompass a variety of vascular disorders in any arterial bed outside of the heart. Chronic venous insufficiency also falls under the main category of PVDs and diseases. This chapter discusses a variety of PVDs with regard to their clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options, and also provides references for further study and recommendations for patient education. Atherosclerosis is the most common vascular disorder affecting peripheral arteries. The most common manifestation of lower extremity atherosclerosis is intermittent claudication. Frostbite is a localized injury induced by exposure to cold temperature resulting in freezing of the tissue. Chronic venous insufficiency is a condition that affects the lower extremities. A common problem that arises from chronic venous insufficiency is the formation of a venous stasis ulcer. Lymphedema is a chronic swelling that results from the failure of the lymphatic system, causing accumulation of protein-rich interstitial fluid in the extremity.