Hypertension is one of the most common and most important risk factors in developing cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery, cerebrovascular, and renal diseases. Prevention and proper control of hypertension can reduce the risk of developing such diseases. This chapter discusses the primary prevention strategy for hypertension as well as establishes the proper therapeutic management once the diagnosis. It emphasizes issues related to the implementation and dissemination of these approaches. In a culture with a high level of stress, low physical activity, and excessive consumption of salt and alcohol, the prevalence of hypertension may increase. Socioeconomic status can also be a determinant of blood pressure. Hypertension is a common problem in all races and cultures. Successful long-term control of hypertension requires intensive participation by patients. Proper patient education, patient self-care, and long-term support and follow-up are essential to ensure success.