This chapter explores deficiencies associated with healthcare quality as a result of overuse, underuse, and/or misuse of healthcare services. It describes evidence-based practice (EBP) as a method by which many of these gaps in services can be effectively and ethically diminished. The chapter helps the reader to recognize barriers to implementing EBP, recommend ideas to support and enhance EBP facilitators, describe the state of healthcare quality, understand the role of EBP in improving healthcare quality, and to identify potential ethical concerns related to the use of EBP. Clearly, the relationship between EBP and ethics is complex and problematic. There is much to be gained from further scholarly exploration of this relationship. In the meantime, it is important for nurse managers and leaders to assume the responsibility of integrating sound ethical frameworks or models for clinical decision making in areas where EBP is used to inform patient-centered care.