This chapter presents a case study to demonstrate what can go right and what can go terribly wrong when caring for the dying. The use of the same scenario is intentional, so the differences in care can be more readily understood and the effective use of the CARES tool can be accentuated. Mr. F was a 78-year-old gentleman with a history of uncontrolled type 1 diabetes, end-stage cardiomyopathy, and acute renal insufficiency. The chapter discusses five scenarios that are intended to demonstrate the impact good communication skills, an understanding of basic palliative care and end-of-life training, and establishing individualized goals of care can have on patient outcomes. The scenarios also demonstrate how the CARES tool can be used to prompt the nurse, and to help anticipate the commonly needed orders to more effectively support the dying and their families.