For counselors working in higher education and with increasingly diverse populations, it is essential to understand the worldview of the client. The years in which a student is traditionally engaged in higher education are a time of great personal development and reflect changes in many aspects of a student’s functioning. The duration of this transitional period, now termed emerging adulthood, is increasing, and for a large number of individuals, this development is fostered during the college years. It is important to recognize, however, that students represent a diverse range of experiences, skills, and abilities, approaching this life transition from a variety of perspectives. College students are still very much adolescents and the developmental path of this group moves through many different landscapes, including cognitive, psychosocial, neurological, and emotional realms. This chapter also discusses ecological developmental model, psychosocial development, perry’s intellectual schema, moral development, and brain development.