The discipline of nursology is concerned with the discovery, dissemination, and application of discipline-specific knowledge in the form of conceptual models and theories. This chapter presents a new conceptual model of nursology for enhancing population health equity and quality through development and implementation of health policies. It discusses the quadruple foci of the new conceptual model of nursology: equity, quality, population health, and health policy. The chapter discusses seven concepts of the conceptual model: environments, population factors, population health concern, stakeholders, health policy, population-centered nursologists’ activities, and population quality of life. It identifies the environments, population factors, and stakeholders that influence the attention given to population health concerns and development and implementation of health policies. It also describes the influence of health policies and stakeholders on population-centered nursologists’ activities. The chapter provides the link between population-centered nursologists’ activities and population quality of life.