The electrodiagnostic evaluation of a patient with suspected peripheral neuropathy can be a daunting task for the budding consultant. The differential diagnosis is long and intimidating at first glance. The process, however, can be simplified if one applies precise technique, some basic principles of nerve physiology, and a systematic approach. Patients will present with symptoms that are not confined to the distribution of one peripheral nerve or in the distribution of one nerve root. A complete motor and sensory examination should be performed in all patients presenting for electrodiagnostic evaluation of suspected peripheral neuropathy. Each electrodiagnostic examination should be tailored to the individual patient and, consequently, no one “protocol” is appropriate for every patient with suspected peripheral neuropathy. The large differential diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy can be overwhelming early in training. Commonly encountered diagnoses include: demyelinating; features of demyelination and axon loss; and axon loss.