Substance abuse treatment programs and clinical counseling approaches are designed to treat a variety of substance use disorders (SUDs). Treatment approaches may include a combination of medical and psychosocial approaches. Therapeutic programs for individuals with SUDs include hospital-based inpatient programs and mutual-help groups; detoxification programs; partial hospitalization; intensive outpatient programs; therapeutic communities; halfway houses; pharmacotherapy-based interventions such as methadone programs for opioid addicts, naltrexone for alcoholics, and so on. The use of medications for treating physiological and psychological symptoms related to substance withdrawal and relapse can be beneficial additions to psychosocial treatments. In recent years, a driving force for integrating pharmacotherapeutic agents into treatment for substance dependence has been the increased understanding of the effects of psychoactive substances on the brain and body. In summary, some SUDs, especially those with severe SUDs, are best viewed as chronic, relapsing biopsychosocial-spiritual disorders that are treatable with successful outcomes.