Simulation in the education of healthcare practitioners is not a new concept. As the use of simulation in health professions programs increases, the simulation literature grows. While there are still things that one does not know, simulation science continues to advance at an astounding rate. This chapter discusses the importance of research in simulation, provides a summary of the current state of the research on simulation, identifies gaps in the literature, and provides teaching tips and application exercises. An educational strategy in which a particular set of conditions is created or replicated to resemble authentic situations that are possible in real life. The simulation-based experience is the entire set of actions and events from initiation to termination of an individual simulation event; in the learning setting, this is often considered to begin with the prebriefing and end with the debriefing.