This chapter reviews the basic concepts related to the delivery of social work services and the many roles of the social worker in restorative and long-term care (LTC) settings. The efforts of the health care social worker generally involve assisting patients/clients/consumers and their families in these transitional LTC and restorative settings. According to the National Association of Social Workers, health care social workers in these types of facilities should follow practice standards in administration, advocacy, clinical practice, consultation, and education and follow personnel practices such as staying in compliance with governmental regulations as well as the professional code of ethics. The activities performed in LTC settings and restorative care services can cross a spectrum of care. This chapter focuses mainly on the needs of older adults in these settings; however, other populations such as children, adolescents, and persons with disabilities may also receive these services.