Electrodiagnostic testing (EDx) is used to assess the health of the peripheral nerves and muscles. There are two components of EDx testing: nerve conduction studies (NCS) and electromyography (EMG). EMG and NCS can be used to diagnose the following conditions: mononeuropathy, plexopathy, radiculopathy, polyneuropathy, neuromuscular junction disorder, myopathy, and motor neuron disease. EDx testing can aid in diagnosis, guide treatment (surgical vs. nonsurgical) and prognosis, monitor disease progression/response to treatment, and assess chronicity, localization, symmetry, and severity. EMG may be painful and comes with risk of bleeding/bruising, damage to the underlying tissues or structures (pneumothorax if needling trapezius, chest, or thorax), infection, and pain. NCS can be uncomfortable. To promote patient comfort, remind them that they are in control and that the test can be stopped at any time; insert the needle quickly after a quick verbal warning; and keep the patient updated on the status of the test.