Clients often seek care in primary care settings for symptoms related to the ears, nose, and throat. At times, this is appropriate, and a diagnosis can be made and symptoms managed with optimal outcomes achieved. More severe, persistent, or difficult-to-control conditions often require referral to a specialist in otolaryngology. Clients presenting with common complaints of the ears, nose, and throat often begin by visiting the primary care provider. This chapter discusses conditions that the primary care provider is expected to diagnose or perhaps refer to a specialist in otolaryngology. The conditions include otitis media, otitis externa, hearing loss, tinnitus, rhinitis, acute viral rhinosinusitis, acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, nasal obstruction, and sore throat. As always, effective management plans can only be developed once the provider has identified the correct etiology.