This chapter asserts that in the 1920s, influenced by the opportunities provided by Sheppard-Towner funding, many nurses worked to promote the health of mothers and babies. It describes the National Organization of Public Health Nurses’ 1920 endorsement of the Sheppard-Towner Bill, and examines the effects of that legislation on nurses’ work in the areas of maternal and child care. The chapter also discusses the problem of high maternal and infant mortality, the origins of the Frontier Nursing Service in 1925, and the Frontier nurses’ work in Appalachia. It draws attention to nurses’ work with granny midwives in North Carolina, Mississippi, and Florida. Focusing briefly on the northwest, the chapter focuses on Red Cross nurse Stella Fuller’s work in the remote territory of Alaska. Finally, it highlights nurses’ work in the Indian Health Service in the 1920s and discusses the opening of Margaret Sanger’s birth control clinic in Brooklyn in 1916.