This chapter explains the role of patient protective factors in preventing the psychological impacts of medical trauma. It discusses the strategies for screening trauma risk factors in the primary care setting, including the Medical Mental Health Screening (MMHS) inventory. The chapter also explains how to do a quick screen for medical trauma following a planned surgery or intervention using the Secondary 7-Lifestyle Effects Screening (S7-LES) tool. The patient-centered medical home model (PCMH) has evolved over the last decade as a blueprint for excellence in primary care. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) laid the initial groundwork for the PCMH model and has garnered support from the Patient-Centered Primary Care Collaborative (PCPCC) in defining best practices that create a new paradigm in primary care. There are many variations of cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT) that can be used as effective interventions by trained mental health professionals.