Family is a cultural, legal, sociological, and individually defined concept. Family definitions can be discussed in terms of structure, function, and symbolism and family is whoever the patient says it is. A family caregiver is a member of this family who has chosen or who has been designated as the caregiver for one or more family members who cannot manage normal activities of daily living without help. The caregiving role begins immediately at the point of diagnosis and continues over the illness trajectory. Although many studies indicate many negative health outcomes related to family caregiving, there are also benefits to the caregiving role. Theoretical frameworks related to family caregiving can guide questions for family assessment and the development of family caregiver interventions. The needs and concerns of family caregivers should be addressed by all members of the interprofessional palliative or hospice care team.