This chapter helps to reader to describe the nurse’s role in promoting ethical research and evidence-informed practice, and discusses the historical events that resulted in development of ethical research guidelines. It provides criteria to determine the ethical nature of research studies, and explains how to promote ethical nursing practices based on research evidence. The Code of Ethics for Nurses and other guidelines are vital to our understanding of ethical research and evidence-informed practice. A study that has social value must help the researcher determine how to improve people’s health and/or well-being. Nurses may be involved in ensuring the scientific validity of a study as primary investigators or coinvestigators or as members of an institutional review board (IRB). Informed consent reflects the virtue of fidelity and care in the professional-patient/participant relationship. Ethical, evidence-informed practice builds on a strong relationship between the nurse and the patient/client/family.