Translation and Linguistic Validation of the German Challenging Behavior Scale for Formal Caregivers of People With Dementia in Nursing Homes

Background and Purpose: The Challenging Behavior Scale (CBS) measures the behavior of individuals with dementia. The study aims to translate the English CBS into German (CBS-G) and test its linguistic validity. Methods: The two-panel approach was used to translate the CBS. Nursing home staff reviewed the unambiguity and familiarity of the CBS-G items and the adequateness of the examples used to describe the items. Content validity indexes (CVI) and modified kappa (k) coefficients were calculated. Results: Most of the CBS-G items had excellent CVI and k values for both unambiguity and familiarity. All examples were viewed as adequate. Conclusion: A German version of the CBS that is linguistically equivalent to the original CBS is available but needs further testing of its psychometric properties.