Gynecologic cancers have the potential to originate from anywhere in the reproductive tract, which includes the uterus, ovaries, cervix, vulva, vagina, fallopian tubes, or peritoneum. This chapter focuses on three gynecologic cancers, namely endometrial, ovarian, and cervical carcinomas. The interested reader is referred elsewhere for a more detailed description of these cancers and for information on the other less common gynecologic malignancies. The initial treatment of endometrial cancer involves surgical staging if the patient is medically fit. Adjuvant therapy is based on several key factors, namely stage, grade, and age, with the goal of adjuvant therapy to decrease the risk of cancer recurrence. Surgery followed by postoperative chemotherapy is the standard treatment for all patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer and for many patients with early-stage disease. Postoperative chemotherapy is known to significantly prolong survival, and the current data support the use of platinum- and taxane-based regimens.