Physical activity significantly improves cancer specific mortality, survival, fatigue, pain, lymphedema, muscular strength, aerobic capacity, physical function, psychosocial distress, depression, anxiety, and quality of life. This chapter explains the effects of physical activity according to the cancer continuum, starting with prehabilitation, neoadjuvant treatment, during adjuvant treatment, posttreatment, long-term survivorship, and palliative and end of life. Prehabilitation is defined as “a process on the cancer continuum of care that occurs between the time of cancer diagnosis and the beginning of acute treatment and includes physical and psychological assessments that establish a baseline functional level, identifies impairments, and psychological health to reduce the incidence and/or severity of future impairments”. Neoadjuvant therapy is used to shrink tumor size and improve surgical outcomes. Adjuvant therapy is often used to prevent cancer recurrence following primary surgery, including radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy.