Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Cross-Sectional Anatomy

Diagnostic and interventional sonography has become an important clinical tool for physicians treating musculoskeletal conditions. Sonography is a very useful tool for those that desire to fill out and test the differential diagnosis that is created with history and physical examination. Learners often lack understanding of spatial relationships within an anatomic region. They need to develop visual acuity to cross-sectional anatomy. This book presents cross-sectional sonographic images to promote a better understanding of clinical anatomy. Each image is accompanied by an illustration that serves as a road map to the image and highlights important structures. Both image and illustration make apparent the dynamic nature of these anatomic relationships. One of the first things taught in training sonographers is the echogenic appearance of various tissues. This pattern recognition is critical to deciphering a sonographic image. The book expands that pattern recognition to include all of the tissues in a cross sectional image and each accompanying illustration provides a visual translation of the sonograph. The cross-sectional images highlight important aspects of an anatomical region. There are also selected extended field of view images along the long axis of a structure to add another dimension to the area of study. The book identifies cross sections of each segment of the upper extremity and lower extremity that are important to understand as visual touchstones for anyone performing diagnostic sonography. Each is placed alongside an illustration that documents the structures in the sonograph. There is also legend for every image/illustration couplet that allows the user to identify individual structures in each. There is a body icon with the cursor in the location of each image/illustration couplet to help the reader localize the position of each sonograph. The book also provides a few images of pathology that demonstrate how pathology is represented in a sonograph.