This chapter presents definitions and descriptions for epistemology, phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, participatory action research (PAR), ethical research and content analysis. Qualitative methodology is the study of the individual subject’s perceived experience. Assessing the “mean” or average experience of many is not its goal, but rather the purpose of qualitative research is the identification of a few variables that impact a small sample, that would probably not come to light in a quantitative study. Rigor clarity and the economical application of logic are fervently applied in its utilization. Qualitative measurement is a highly useful addition to a clinical study in which the primary end point is a quantitative measure. Reliability can be addressed by multiple observers, interviewer corroboration, research participant check and confirmation with larger studies. The chapter also provides pitfalls and helpful hints related to the concept of qualitative research.