In Chinese philosophy, legalism is a term indicating a focus on laws, methods for employing them, and the legitimacy of the roles of law enforcers. Legalism in Christianity refers to the thinking that adherence to the law is sufficient to obtain salvation or spiritual benefit. Legalism is often experienced as rigidity regarding expectations that manifests in binary appraisals of people. While rigidity is not strictly a spiritual problem, rigidity and legalism are problems to spiritual people. When people set up extra rules, those that go beyond the ones obviously found in the Bible, and then hold rigidly to their applications, this is called legalism. Legalism in the form of public policy dictated a smaller birthrate, while on the other hand a cultural legalism in the form of social expectations called for a larger birthrate. No spiritual leader or psychotherapist can turn around an ingrained legalism by simply pointing it out.