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Five: Exposure and Response Prevention and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

DOI:

10.1891/9780826183132.0005

Abstract

Cognitive behavioral theory (CBT) proposes that thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected, which allows for different points of intervention. One common evidence-based behavioral intervention approach is called behavioral exposure, exposure therapy, exposure with response prevention (ERP), or exposure with ritual prevention. Over a century of clinical trials supports the efficacy of this behavioral approach with a range of psychiatric and behavioral conditions. However, ERP is the first-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder and other obsessive-compulsive-related disorders that have compulsive features such as rituals and avoidance. When starting exposure therapy, therapists should provide developmentally appropriate psychoeducation for clients about how this therapeutic approach can help. Because exposure therapy can be somewhat abstract and counterintuitive for children and adolescents, drawing a graph can help with elucidating this process. Following psychoeducation, therapist using exposure therapy should conduct a thorough evaluation to understand the nature of the student’s distress.