This chapter provides an overview and history of evidence-based practice (EBP) in healthcare. It describes the relationship between EBP and research. The chapter provides resources for developing EBP projects and describes quality improvement with strategies for improving the quality of care for newborns. EBP is the integration of the best available research for practice into patient care with consideration of the patients’ values and clinicians’ experience. The process begins with the identification of important clinical questions. Then patient population, intervention, and outcome questions are formulated and relevant evidence is evaluated for use. Models exist to help formulate and implement EBP projects within organizations. Quality improvement is the process by which clinicians identify possible measures to improve the quality of care for patients. Many quality improvement initiatives have a focus on patient safety. Plan-do-study-act cycles can be used to implement and monitor the effectiveness of quality initiatives.