This chapter focuses on the issues experienced by the global transgender health population. It provides a background on transgender healthcare and current published studies focusing on transgender health outcomes. Additionally, the chapter provides a description on policies and legislation that protects transgender individuals in certain countries. It also discusses the gaps in transgender health and research in an effort to bring awareness and visibility to this marginalized and stigmatized population. It then provides an in-depth look at the global healthcare arena, including the United States, for transgender individuals. With the foundation laid for understanding the barriers and issues to healthcare for transgender individuals, the chapter discusses specific areas in the world with a focus on transgender health and research. The countries featured will be Australia, New Zealand, India, Canada, and the United States, including a study on transgender individuals living in rural areas.