An emergency can present at any moment in the operating room setting. This chapter talks about the assessment of the patient during an emergency and the counting of instruments and surgical supplies. It explains the administration of blood products during emergency in detail. The crash cart, also known as code cart, is strategically located within the operating room semirestricted area in case of an emergency. It is important to be familiar with the items found on the cart and how to use the defibrillator. Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a specific concern commonly related directly to the administration of general anesthesia. A thorough preoperative screening can help identify potential patients who may exhibit signs and symptoms of MH or be at risk of MH. Numerous specialty situations can present as an emergency in the operating room. The specialty situations listed in the chapter include: bullet removal, contraband removal, and end-of-life care.