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29: Spasticity Management in Multiple Sclerosis

DOI:

10.1891/9780826125941.0030

Authors

  • Bethoux, Francois
  • Willis, Mary Alissa

Abstract

Spasticity is a movement disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in resistance to passive muscle stretching related to increased tonic and phasic stretch reflexes. This chapter discusses the management of spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Examination is a key in confirming the presence of spasticity, assessing its severity, and identifying other pertinent neurological impairments. Spasticity treatment planning involves taking into account patient symptoms (e.g., muscle stiffness/tightness, muscle spasms) and examination findings (e.g., resistance to passive movement, range of motion limitations, observed spasms and clonus), and defining realistic goals. Muscle stretching and rehabilitation (physical/occupational therapy) must be considered when treating spasticity, alone or in combination with other treatments. Oral antispasticity agents are widely used, although clinical trial evidence to support the efficacy of these medications in multiple sclerosis is limited.