This chapter discusses four sub disciplines of psychology: cognitive, developmental, differential, and social. It shows that psychologists need a four-pronged attack on the phenomenon known as genius. The cognitive neurosciences have made major advances using a diversity of techniques, from evoked potentials to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Moreover, such methods have shed some light on many processes connected with genius, such as problem solving and insight. The age-achievement relationship is the oldest topic in the scientific study of genius, the first study having appeared in 1835. For most domains of achievement, the greatest geniuses are distinguished by the longest careers. The empirical data on the age-achievement connection are well established. Undoubtedly the relationship between age and achievement is partly rooted in basic human physiology and neurology. This connection is most obvious in the case of athletic champions.