This book is a study guide/self-evaluation tool to prepare for the ABPN exam and MOC exam in vascular neurology. It is representative of the areas tested on the exam, including the standard clinical and basic science of stroke and some of the esoterica that appear on the exam. The book serves as a study guide for any neurologist, internist, or family practitioner interested in expanding his or her knowledge in this important field. The practice exam question-and-answer format is an effective and engaging study method, as opposed to a didactic review or summary reader. It is useful also to identify areas of weakness that require further study. The book has over 600 questions divided across fifteen sections. The fifteen sections are as follows: Basic Science; Vascular and Brain Anatomy; Clinical Pathology; Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics; Epidemiology, Genetics, Primary Prevention; Ischemic Disease of the Brain and Spinal Cord; Hemorrhagic Disease of the Brain and Spinal Cord; Neuro-Ophthalmology; Cardiovascular Disease; Hematology; Pediatric Cerebrovascular Disease; Neurovascular Imaging; Clinical Trials and Ethics; Recovery and Rehabilitation; and Case Studies in Cerebrovascular Disease. The questions include cytotoxic edema following cerebral ischemia, internal carotid artery; cavernous malformations; thiazide diuretics; fibromuscular dysplasia; transient global amnesia; spinal epidural hematomas; ischemic optic neuropathy; atrial fibrillation; Von Willebrand disease; Perinatal ischemic stroke; cerebral microbleeds; modified Rankin scale; botulinum toxin and so on. Explanatory answers with appropriate references are included to facilitate learning. Most of the references are relatively recent, but for certain topics, the classic references, such as Niels Lassen’s work on incomplete cerebral ischemia and Anthony Furlan’s classic description of retinal ischemia presenting as visual change in bright light have been included.