This book is a clinically relevant reference guide for health care trainees, medical providers, and active allied health professionals who work with patients and clients suffering from all aspects of insults to the brain. Not limited to traumatic brain injuries, the book provides easy-to-follow formatting by providing information involving all aspects of acquired injuries to the brain and related clinical outcomes. Each chapter provides an overview of a subtype of brain injury, accompanied by history, pathophysiology, etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, other diagnostic considerations, treatment, prognosis, and clinical synopsis. Stroke is an enormous public health problem as it is one of the leading causes of both death and disability worldwide. Stroke symptoms, with very few exceptions, begin with the sudden onset of focal neurological deficits, which are confined to a vascular territory. Treatment of stroke can generally be divided into three categories: acute stroke management, rehabilitation, and secondary stroke prevention. Acquired brain injury (ABI), at any age, is a significant public health concern. It is particularly problematic in the elderly considering the increased rates of mortality and morbidity following ABI in this population. Optimal rehabilitation of ABI requires a multidisciplinary approach of trained rehabilitation specialists at appropriate timing and with appropriate intensity. Brain injury rehabilitation requires a comprehensive treatment program to reduce impairments and to restore function, participation, and quality of life. Useful case studies are also provided for most conditions described in the book.

When the authors began writing this textbook, the United States was in the grips of an opioid epidemic in which overdose deaths have been ever-increasing, and perhaps amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the opioid epidemic took center stage in the media, there were also surges in cocaine and methamphetamine use and related deaths, as well as increases in cannabis vaping especially among adolescents and young adults. Additionally, behavioural addictions such as sex and pornography addiction, internet gaming addiction, and gambling continued to impact individuals and communities across the globe. History provides us with several lessons, one of those lessons is that substance use trends wax and wane over decades. Cocaine epidemics existed in the 1920’s, coinciding with alcohol prohibition, only to resurface again in the 1980’s. Morphine addiction was prevalent following the Civil War, especially among wounded soldiers and opioid addiction again surged in the past five years. Therefore, it is imperative that each new generation of mental health professionals are equipped to recognize and respond to addiction. Co-authors and the author all share the conviction that whatever area of counseling we decide to specialize in, or whatever counseling program we work in; we will be treating individuals who are either directly or indirectly impacted by substance use disorders (SUDs) and behavioral addictions. Therefore, they wrote this textbook with this mind. The book opens by providing students with an overview of the current state of the addiction counseling profession and the ever-increasing need for addiction counselors and mental health counselors who possess specific knowledge and skills pertaining to treating SUDs, as well as information on counsellor credentialing and ethical concerns specific to addiction counseling.

This innovative book is the first to examine the contemporary psychological experience of African Americans through the lens of a positive, strengths-based model. It combats the deficit perspective that has permeated the psychological literature about African Americans by focusing on the strengths that have facilitated their growth and resilience—while also considering existing challenges and struggles. The author examines in depth the major areas of psychological research across family, peer, and romantic relationships, education, work, ethnic-racial socialization and identity, prosocial behavior and civic engagement, and the mental and physical health of African Americans today. With a focus on real life applications, the text includes pedagogical elements introducing topics in Current Events, Interventions in Practice, Individual Issues, African Cultural Values, and Media and Technology. Additional features include learning objectives in each chapter, discussion questions, a closing summary, an extensive trove of additional resources, and PowerPoints and a sample syllabus for instructors. One very important goal of this book is to elucidate the strengths of African Americans, but at the same time, not forget their history and current struggles. In the book, many chapters include history to help provide an understanding of where African Americans are coming from and why their progress is such an accomplishment. Furthermore, the current state of African Americans lives are discussed—the good, the bad, and the ugly. So while this is a book focusing on strengths, it would be unrealistic to ignore the current struggles of African Americans. We must note where growth is still needed. The book strives to navigate this fine line. The goal of the book is to elucidate the strengths that African Americans have while highlighting the struggles that continue and to note how strengths can be used to help more African Americans prosper psychologically, spiritually, economically, and physically.

This book outlines the many changes that have taken place in both the policy arena and the demographics of aging. It is divided into four sections. The first section, Older Americans and the Aging Networks, shows how older Americans are increasingly diverse in a variety of ways, including racial and ethnic backgrounds, religion, spirituality, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation. It presents the latest demographic data on the older population in the United States, as an important background to the planning and development of programs and services. It also addresses the current status of older Americans and the social, political, and economic consequences of the demographic shifts we are currently undergoing and must be prepared for to face tomorrow. The section two addresses Older Americans Act legislation and an expanding consumer base and the evolution from what we knew as a network to what we see now and will continue to witness in terms of an expanding set of networks attempting to work together to improve the lives of older adults. The section three brings us to a new era of community-based services that also includes issues related to the rights and well-being of older Americans. It introduces community-based services provided by the aging networks and addresses the community supports provided by the aging networks to assist older adults to age in place. Aging in place, as we define it, is anywhere an older adult is living, whether it is independent living, assisted living, skilled nursing, memory care, or in a family or group setting. The final section weaves together the landscape of survival, sustainability, and success. It discusses in detail the workforce issues of the aging network, the aging world and the challenge of change, and the persistent and emerging issues for the aging networks.

This sixth edition collaborates on a major revision of the book, which reflects significant advances in theories, research, and trends in the field of aging. The “social constructionist” perspective that distinguished the 18-year Morgan-Kunkel collaboration continues to undergird this text. The book helps students see those connections, and to understand aging in a bigger picture. It also gets students thinking about their own aging and how their opportunities and experiences today may matter in the decades ahead. The 6th edition of this book is distinctive because: It contains straightforward, engaging prose that integrates what bodies of evidence say about a topic, without disrupting text with heavy referencing. It takes a social construction perspective, which highlights how aging is not just an individual experience stemming from personal choices, but is often a shared experience and always results from interactions with a complex set of social forces that lie outside of people. Building on the social construction framework, it unpacks how the aging of people and whole generations occurs within layers of social context from the family, to political and economic systems, population dynamics, and historical events. The book probes variability and inequality in aging experiences across social categories such as age, gender, race, social class, and immigration status. It illustrates how processes related to ageism and other forms of systematic difference and discrimination, such as racism and sexism, create or reinforce disadvantages as people grow up and older. The book provides an in-depth look into aging in United States, but draws examples from other countries to help students place this knowledge in a global context. It applies theories in meaningful ways to specific aspects of aging, such as family relationships, health, and retirement.

Everyone loves animals. We learn about them in zoos and aquariums, rehabilitate them when they’re sick, observe their habits and abilities, and treat them as members of our families. One theme that is intentionally woven throughout the book is the importance of knowing a species’ natural history before making assumptions or drawing conclusions about an animal’s behavior. The book consists of eight chapters. All chapters include an “Animal Spotlight” and “Human Application” section. The book is divided into one history chapter, one theory and methods chapter, five content chapters, and a final chapter on future directions. In addition, it pays special attention to describing the different ways that researchers set up their studies to arrive at their conclusions. Chapter one and two discusses the history and methodology of animal cognition. Chapter three discusses animal consciousness. It takes an in-depth look at how philosophers and scientists have defined consciousness, specific cognitive abilities that might signal consciousness, and which animals can be said to have them, or a version of them. The main topics covered include theory of mind, self-awareness, and emotions. Chapter four focuses on communication. It addresses many different ways that animals communicate with each other, including vocal, gestural, and olfactory. Social cognition is featured in Chapter five. Social cognition involves the many complex ways in which animals engage socially among themselves. Chapter six addresses the overall flexibility of the animal mind. For centuries, there have been those who believe animals are mindless behaving machines. Finally, Chapter seven reminds that despite the fact research findings teaches what species on the whole can do, not all animals within a species are the same; individual differences exist. The final chapter eight brings everything together.

This book helps students to learn about fundamental brain functioning and to apply the information with various clinical populations with whom they may help to serve. It also helps the professor to advance beyond the typical mindset of teaching only the basics in brain functioning. The book is divided into two sections. In Section I of the book, a foundational framework of neuroscience is provided, including important historical events, patients, and neuroscientists as well as an explanation of all the different techniques used in understanding human behavior. The first part of the text also focuses on core foundations of brain functioning, with an emphasis on the important neural systems often found dysregulated in psychopathology. Clinical techniques such as electrophysiology recordings, neuroimaging techniques, MRI scans are also discussed. The second section of the text explores many areas of psychopathology from a behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological perspective before describing typical effective strategies used to treat the various disorders. The various disorders that are covered in this section include childhood disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, mood disorders including bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, the three types of eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating, sleep disorders such as parasomnia and insomnia, substance disorders, and personality disorders including antisocial personality disorder and borderline personality disorder.

Human services professionals face tremendous challenges today. Clients, government agencies, and other funders increasingly expect professionals to produce measurable and verifiable outcomes. The main goal with this textbook is to help students better understand the utility of research to human services. That is to say, the book presents research as a tool for practice, something that can be used to help professionals in their work with clients, designing programs and services, and advocating for policy changes. In addition to presenting research as a tool for practice, the book also emphasizes connections between human service research and practice, stressing that each plays important and complementary roles in addressing social and personal problems. This textbook is primarily an introduction to social research as it relates to the human services. There are two new main features to this edition. Each chapter opens with a Vignette describing a situation in which a human services professional is faced with a task or dilemma that can be addressed through research or by employing a research technique in practice. The second new major feature is the Practitioner Profile, included in most chapters. These Practitioner Profiles present actual human services professionals who are not professional researchers but nonetheless incorporate research methods into their practice. Similar to the Practitioner Profiles, several chapters also include one or more Research in Practice features designed to help students better understand applications of research methods and concepts and the overall research process. At the end of each chapter, there is a list and brief description of the Main Points of the chapter, which serves as a review of the major concepts covered. Following the Main Points is a list of Important Terms for Review. Following the Important Terms for Review are three sets of questions, critical thinking, evaluating competency, and self-assessment.

Practitioners in the helping professions (e.g., nursing, social work, psychology) often serve perpetrators and survivors of interpersonal violence, and many are asked to make predictions about the likelihood of future violence. Knowledge about risk and risk factors is increasingly expected in courts, clinics, conference rooms, shelters, hospital emergency rooms, child protective service offices, schools, research settings, batterer intervention programs, parenting programs, domestic violence advocacy programs, and child abuse and intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention programs. This book reviews what is generally known about the prediction of violent behavior and then discusses implications for the prediction of interpersonal violence. It addresses the specific variables involved in the prediction of child abuse and neglect, child fatalities (including those that occur within the context of IPV), IPV, and femicide. This book represents the most current research, trends, and professional viewpoints regarding the prediction of interpersonal violence. It discusses in greater depth challenges with assessment measures and factors used to predict future violence. It is clear, however, that assessments of risk for future violence are improved when appropriately administered, psychometrically sound risk assessment scales are used. Furthermore, practitioners need to couple these objective measures with information collected on the characteristics of the perpetrator, the perpetrator’s relationship to the victim, the victim’s assessment of risk, the practitioner’s experience and judgment, and context-specific factors (e.g., poverty, unemployment, discrimination, social support).

One of the historical pillars of rehabilitation counseling has been the use of assessment throughout the rehabilitation process. With this historical emphasis, it is not surprising that the focus on assessment and the methods and techniques used have changed and evolved. As a result, students, practitioners, and researchers are on a constant quest for updated and current information to guide and inform practice, policy, and research. This constant quest for updated and comprehensive information is directly relevant to the assessment of individuals typically served by rehabilitation and mental health practitioners and is the focus of this book. To date, there has not been a book that has been able to provide a comprehensive discussion of topics applicable to service delivery across both setting. This book attempts to fill this gap. One factor that guided the development of this book was the authors’ goal to provide both the foundational information necessary to understand and plan the assessment process and combine this material with information that is applicable to specific population and service delivery settings. To achieve this goal, each of the chapters is written by leaders in the field who have specialized knowledge regarding the chapter content. The chapters provide practical hands on information that allows for easy incorporation of the material to rehabilitation and mental health practice. To further strengthen practical application, case studies and templates have been incorporated where applicable to highlight specific key aspects to promote application to service delivery. Second, this is the first assessment book to be developed after the Council on Rehabilitation Counselor Education and Council on the Accreditation of Counseling and Related Programs merger. Finally, the authors hope that the readers of this book can apply this information to enhance the overall quality of life of the individuals they work with, especially individuals with disabilities.