This book provides school personnel with information on how concussion (mild traumatic brain injury) can affect learning, mental health, and social-emotional functioning, skills in developing and leading a school-based concussion support team, tools for school-based concussion assessment, and information on a safe, gradual process of returning to the academic environment. It explains what happens to the brain at the moment of impact, terminology, prevalence rates, causes, risk factors, and issues related to underreporting of concussions. Educators will learn about developmental effects, how concussions can affect students of different ages, as well as difficulties that can result from concussions such as postconcussion syndrome and second impact syndrome. This book presents a school-based concussion team model, including the specific responsibilities of the concussion team leader (CTL), and a discussion of maintaining student privacy through regulations like the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. Readers are familiarized with checklists that can be used within the school and assessment tools such as Acute Concussion Evaluation (ACE) and neuropsychological assessment. Readers are also familiarized with how physical and cognitive rest can be balanced with a return to activity during the recovery period. This book also book gives concussion team members guidance on the selection of appropriate strategies, as well as decision making during a student’s return to academics, and discusses concussion prevention information by providing guidance on how readers might train others on concussion recognition and response. Case studies are integrated throughout the chapters.

This book is written for faith community nurses (FCNs) and provides information and resources necessary to be successful in the practice of faith community nursing. This specialty nursing practice combines the caring aspect of nursing with the spiritual and the sacred. The book is divided into three parts. Part I provides an overview of faith community nursing practices its roots, practice models, roles, and legal and ethical parameters. Faith community nursing is the specialized practice of professional nursing that focuses on the intentional care of the spirit as part of the process of promoting holistic health and preventing or minimizing illness in a faith community. Parish nursing is a recognized specialty practice that combines professional nursing and health ministry. Health care practitioners who make several small changes in how patients’ religious commitments are broached in clinical practice may enhance health outcomes. There are four models through which faith community nursing practice is delivered: the institutional model, the congregational paid model, the congregational volunteer model, and the paid consortium model. Part II includes chapters that inform the FCN about initiating a faith community nursing ministry, assessing the health needs of the faith community, health education, teaching, and program planning and evaluation. Part III presents information on meeting the special needs of the faith community and includes content on acute and chronic care needs, palliative care, and grief and loss. Additional chapters focus on connecting with community resources and vulnerable populations.

This book explores a set of key topics that have shaped research and given us a much better understanding of how language processing works. The study of language involves examining sounds, structure, and meaning, and the book covers the aspects of language in each of these areas that are most relevant to psycholinguistics. The book then covers relatively low-tech methods that simply involve pencil and paper as well as very high-tech methods like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) that use advanced technology to determine brain activity in response to language and discusses a topic that has dominated the field for over two decades how people handle ambiguity in language. It describes how language is represented, both in the brain itself and in how multiple languages interact, which parts of the brain are critical for the basics of language, and how language ability can be disrupted when the brain is damaged. The book further talks about progressive language disorders like semantic dementia and what the study of disordered language can tell us about the neurological basis of language. Finally, it looks at sign language research to see if and how sign language processing differs from speech and a relatively new hypothesis that has emerged: most previous work has taken for granted that comprehenders (and speakers) fully process language, that is that we try to build complete representations of what we hear, read, or produce.

This book was conceived out of the authors' shared vision to synthesize key neurobiological developments with effective developments in clinical practice to offer both understanding and practical guidance for the many practitioners working to heal people burdened with traumatic sequelae. It is unique in bringing in all levels of the brain from the brainstem, through the thalamus and basal ganglia, to the limbic structures, including the older forms of cortex, to the neocortex. The book looks at the neurochemistry of peritraumatic dissociation (PD) and explores the effects on neuroplasticity and the eventual structural dissociation. Individual chapters focus on the definition of PD and tonic immobility (TI) and their associations with posttraumatic psychopathology, and review disturbances in self-referential processing and social cognition in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to early-life trauma. Separate chapters focus on the modulatory role of the neuropetides in attachment as well as autonomic regulation, and highlight mesolimbic dopamine (ML-DA) system as central to the experiences of affiliation, attachment urge when under threat, attachment urge during experience of safety, and to the distress of isolation and/or submission. The book while increasing awareness of different parts of the self and ultimately creating a more stable sense of self, also incorporates psychoanalytic, cognitive behavioral, and hypnotic methods, as well as specific ego state, somatic/sensorimotor therapies, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and variations of EMDR suitable for working with trauma in the attachment period. The latter methods are explicitly information-processing methods that address affective and somatic modes of processing.

This book focuses on the key issues surrounding multicultural neurorehabilitation for a wide range of health care professionals. The study of traumatic brain injury has seen a clear evolution in the sophistication, breadth, and depth of findings concerning neuroepidemiology as it affects racial and ethnic minorities. As large-scale epidemiological studies increasingly include and distinguish individuals of color and linguistic minorities together with religion, sexual orientation, physical disabilities, place of residence, and key socioeconomic variables that interact with race/ethnicity, more information will be available to make changes in policy, training, and clinical service delivery. Neuropsychological assessment involves the administration of a battery of tests that assess a variety of cognitive domains to obtain a clinical picture of brain behavior relationships. Within the inpatient rehabilitation setting, neuropsychologists often perform various functions, including neuropsychological assessment, psychotherapy, and assistance with adjustment issues for patients and their families. The book discusses some of the common cultural issues that impact neuropsychology in an inpatient rehabilitation setting. Considerations of race and ethnicity, disability culture, military and veteran culture, and cultural aspects of religiousness and spirituality are all considered in the book. The authors in the book wrote from their own perspectives as clinicians and researchers, representing diverse cultural backgrounds and neurorehabilitation contexts and roles. Hopefully, the book will generate more discussion, research, and literature on multicultural neurorehabilitation.

This book delivers a wealth of practical tools for incorporating spirituality into nursing. There are numerous articles on the concepts of spirituality and religion in nursing practice, including the nursing role in spiritual assessment, spiritual nursing diagnoses, spiritual care in various nursing contexts, and many more. Spirituality is a focus for debate and discussion within the nursing profession, and it is appropriate to consider this concept as it has captured the nursing world. The book discusses an interrelationship between resilience and holistic health. It also discusses challenges to incorporating spirituality into nursing practice. Although there is ample rationale for the inclusion of spirituality into nursing practice, education, and research, there are also challenges to such inclusion. Some would identify these challenges as “barriers”, but the word “challenges” seems to have more potential for positive action with respect to exploring each challenge and ways to overcome it. In order to appropriately incorporate spiritual assessment and care into practice, nurses need the requisite professional competency. Competencies are integral to nursing practice and usually accompany standards of practice. Standards for educating nurses about spiritual care are present in both educational and practice contexts in that they are part of the accreditation criteria for institutions. The book also focuses on spiritual assessment and spiritual care within the context of mental health care/mental health nursing and spirituality in palliative and hospice care.

The growing public awareness of bias and discrimination and the disproportionate involvement of minority populations, especially based on race, class, and gender, have affected the social work profession with a call to fulfill its long-forgotten mission to respond and advocate for justice reform and health and public safety. Forensic social workers practice far and wide where issues of justice and fairness are found. This book emphasizes on the diversity of populations and settings, social workers would best serve their clients adding a forensic or legal lens to their practice. It targets the important and emerging practice specialization of forensic social work, a practice specialization that speaks to the heart, head, and hands (i.e., knowledge, values, and skills) of social work using a human rights and social justice approach integrated with a forensic lens. The book defines forensic social work to include not only a narrow group of people who are victims or convicted of crimes and subsequently involved in the juvenile justice and criminal justice settings, but broadly all the individuals and families involved with family and social services, education, child welfare, mental health, and behavioral health or other programs, in which they are affected by human rights and social justice issues, or federal and state laws and policies. Practitioners who read this book will learn and apply a human rights legal framework and social justice and empowerment theories to guide multilevel prevention, psychosocial assessments, and interventions with historically underserved individuals, families, and communities, especially using the life course systems power analysis strategy and family televisiting. The book fills a critical gap in the knowledge, values, and skills for human rights and social justice–focused social work education and training.

This book presents a framework for nursing to build and, ultimately, sustain partnerships. Exemplar case studies written by nurses working in global health follow each chapter to illustrate specific elements of a strong partnership. The guiding principle for the book is that partnerships are paramount in creating sustainable outcomes. Varying degrees of partnership integration can include coordination, cooperation, and close collaboration. No matter their degree of partnership, nurses are ethically and morally obliged to be concerned with the world’s suffering. The book begins with a chapter which discusses types of existing partnerships and how nurses make the selection of an appropriate program to begin a partnership. Chapter 2 addresses how cultural perspectives, personal attributes, expectations, and knowledge of host country influence a volunteer nurse’s experience. In the third chapter, nursing roles in host country are addressed, community assessment as essential knowledge is highlighted. The importance of nursing licensure, mutual respect, and partnership is also dealt with. Chapter 4 presents examples of nurses’ experience with volunteers or partners, differences in the scope of practice between nursing partners, and the role of the nurse and nursing profession in host countries. This is followed by chapter which emphasizes the importance of resources, whether human, material, or financial, which are essential in developing a partnership. Two other chapters discuss important aspects of collaborative nursing research in international settings and explore the elements of sustainability to address the leadership required to maintain the partnership.

This book details the technical aspects of how to achieve requirements for clinical treatment planning aspects, including patient positioning, creation of patient specific bolus, beam angle configurations, and inverse planning optimization approaches. It is written for everyone involved in treatment planning including dosimetrists, physicists, and physicians. The book comprises of 14 chapters. The first three chapters are introductory chapters. Chapter one describes the types of treatment plans and the general process of treatment planning. The second chapter explains the principles and limitations of current inverse planning optimization algorithms, and discusses the application of auto-planning, knowledge-based planning, and multi-criteria optimization to overcome these limitations. The third chapter covers the available immobilization equipment and general principles of simulation, including patient safety procedures. Chapters four through eleven are organized by body site or system and covers central nervous system, head and neck, breast cancer, thoracic cancer, gastrointestinal radiotherapy, genitourinary cancer, gynecologic cancer, lymphoma, and soft tissue sarcoma. For each site, there is a description of patient simulation, including immobilization, setup, isocenter placement, and any special considerations such as motion management. The plan goals for each treatment site are tabulated, followed by recipes to achieve them from the simplest planning technique to the most advanced planning technique. For simple 3D conformal plans, the recipes include the field arrangement and portal shape design (both with many figures), beam weighting, and selection of dose normalization point. For advanced techniques such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy, volumetric modulated radiation therapy, and stereotactic body radiation therapy, the recipes provide details of creation of optimization structures and multiple stage optimizations. Each chapter concludes with plan evaluation, comparing achieved doses to the clinical planning goals. Chapter thirteen describes treatment planning for pediatric cancers. Chapter fourteen discusses treatment planning for palliative treatment.

This book presents firsthand accounts from nurses at all professional levels, who share their life-changing experiences and insights with nurses interested in the global health arena. Their stories emphasize the practical, challenging, and rewarding aspects of global health nursing. The nurses describe their motivation for working in global health, along with the rewards and challenges. They discuss the importance of approaching global nursing with humility, respect, and appreciation for what they will learn from their colleagues. They describe how global health work has enhanced their ability to provide quality care to diverse populations, which include recent immigrants living in the United States. In addition to these vivid accounts, the book discusses the parameters of global health nursing, how to prepare for this nursing experience, key resources, global nursing research, and nurses as global health consultants. Woven throughout the book are descriptions of how these nurses have encouraged―through teaching and mentoring―the next generation of global health nurses. The book also provides coverage of domestic global health initiatives, and assists faculty to prepare themselves and their students for global health endeavors. The book is written for nurses at all stages of professional life.

This book provides a state-of-the-art overview of the principles of cancer care and best practices for restoring function and quality of life to cancer survivors. Cancer rehabilitation interventions including physical, occupational, or speech therapy; exercise training; psychosocial and cognitive interventions; and physician-directed diagnostic imaging, injections, and pharmacologic symptom management have the potential to treat many impairments from cancer treatment, thereby improving functioning and quality of life. Multimodal rehabilitation interventions have also been shown to improve return to work compared to usual care. The chapters of the book review the latest evidence about which interventions should be used to treat specific impairments thereby constituting the most comprehensive and up-to-date reference on this topic. The book is organized into nine parts comprising 90 chapters. Part one presents history of cancer rehabilitation, cancer statistics, and principles of cancer care. Part two discusses various cancer types, which includes breast cancer, gastrointestinal malignancies, head and neck cancer, pediatric cancers, and primary bone tumors and their assessment and management. Parts three through six describe cancer pain, medical complications, neurological and neuromuscular complications, and musculoskeletal complications of cancer such as radiculopathy, plexopathy, autonomic dysfunction, and bone metastases and their management. Part seven discusses general topics related to cancer rehabilitation, which includes physical and occupational therapy, therapeutic modalities in cancer, therapeutic exercise in cancer, nutritional care of the cancer patient, sexuality issues, and distress and other psychiatric considerations in cancer rehabilitation. Part eight thoroughly explores the identification, evaluation, and treatment of specific impairments and disabilities that result from cancer and the treatment of cancer such as balance and gait dysfunction, cancer related fatigue, radiation fibrosis syndrome, and bowel dysfunction. Part nine discusses functional measurement in patients with cancer, health maintenance and screening in cancer survivors, research issues, barriers to accessing cancer rehabilitation, and building a cancer rehabilitation program.

Nursing theory and practice intertwine in a mutually supportive bootstrapping process as the nursing graduate develops skill. A theory must be a new whole in which decontextualized elements are related to each other by rules or laws. It seems that it is more plausible to believe that sufficient experience, accompanied by no theoretical knowledge, could produce skilled coping behavior. The study of the skill-acquisition phenomenon has shown that a person usually passes through at least five stages of qualitatively different perceptions of their task as skill improves. Performance improves to a marginally acceptable level only after the novice has considerable experience coping with real situations. While this encourages the advanced beginner to consider more objective facts and use more sophisticated rules, it also teaches the learner an enlarged conception of what is relevant to the skill. A more subtle and refined discrimination ability is what distinguishes the expert from the proficient performer. It is our hope that we have put into words once again what nurses and all clinicians know in their practice and that the marginalized caring practices presented here compel the reader to consider the societal worth and knowledge inherent in the caring, diagnostic, and therapeutic work that nurses do. As well, it is our hope that practitioners from other fields will join us in this conversation so that together we can design better institutions of public caring—in our schools, families, social work, courtrooms, and in all places where protection of vulnerability, sponsorship of growth, and the promotion of better citizenship occurs. The synthesis of the work on the Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition is drawn from Benner (2005).

This book describes and analyzes nurses’ roles in select cases from disasters that have occurred in areas around the world from the late 19th century to the present. These include an outbreak of typhoid in Tasmania in 1885 to 1887; a devastating earthquake in Italy in 1908; an Ohio (USA) flood in 1913; the Alaskan influenza epidemic of 1918; the World War II bombings of London and Manchester, England, in 1941; the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 1941; the nuclear bombing of Hiroshima, Japan, in 1945; a destructive wild fire in Bar Harbor, Maine (USA), in 1947; the SARS crisis in Toronto, Canada, in 2003; and the effects of Hurricane Sandy on hospitals in New York City (USA) in 2012. Nurses’ actions are situated within local responses, national networks, and international aid. Nurses are a critical part of disaster response, and the book gives them a voice. Themes that recur throughout the narrative are: the notion of a nurse’s “duty to care” versus the need to protect herself or himself; the need for innovation and coordination of the response effort; and cooperation among the responders versus inherent political, racial, and interprofessional conflicts. Thus, the book examines political sensitivities, international conflicts, cultural differences, and societies’ varying professional and gendered expectations of nurses. In addition, the book highlights nurses’ voices during major World War II bombings, addressing realities that occurred during the war that have long been silenced for reasons of political and social correctness. These case studies document nurses’ roles in response to the London Blitz, the attack on Pearl Harbor, and the bombing of Hiroshima, revealing nurses’ response to these crises: their dedication to patients, their ability to triage and improvise, and their adaptation to nursing professional norms expected in various cultures.

This book helps social workers ensure they maintain the highest professional standards by raising awareness of both the strengths and challenges of the immigrant community. The book first explores the changing demographics of immigrant newcomers and legal classifications of immigrants. It seeks to help social workers better understand the legal meaning of terms such as nonimmigrant, immigrant, Green Card holder, and citizen. Then, the book explores theories of cultural competency and social work practice and describes the intersection of immigration and health, mental health, criminal justice issues, and employment. Issues of particular interest to immigrant communities, such as the exploitation of immigrant workers (and appropriate legal remedies), immigrant access to health services and public benefits, the triple mental health trauma many refugees and asylees face, and the issue of newcomers as victims of crime as well as the immigration consequences of criminal conviction are discussed. The book also deals with family groups, which, although inherently strong, are made vulnerable because of their immigrant status in the United States. It concludes by urging practitioners to expand their strategies and advocate not only for individual clients (at the micro level), but to advocate as well for change at the organizational/agency level (mezzo level), and at the federal, state, and local levels (macro level).

This book is devoted to a discussion of the native American Indian health system and nursing. It is divided into three parts. Part I first provides a national and historical look at the peoples of what is now the United States. This is followed by a view of pre- and postcontact indigenous America and the effects on health resulting from policies by the new dominant culture. Next to be introduced is the idea that “nursing” has been occurring in indigenous America long before icons, such as Florence Nightingale, put a face to the profession. An introduction to nursing and the Indian Health Service (IHS) is then followed by health modalities outside of the IHS that is, indigenous knowledge and traditional healing. Part II shows how these experiences are/were played out in the various cultural regions of the United States: Northeastern Woodlands; Southeastern Woodlands; Southwest tribal regions; Great Basin; Indians-habitated California; Pacific Northwest; Alaska; and Northern Great Plains. Urban has been added to the regional groups found in the 48 contiguous states and Alaska. In Part III, the reader explores funding as a major component of increasing care options and access in Indian country. Two chapters discuss the issues of Indian health funding and American Indian nursing education.

This book covers all dimensions of palliative care but with a special emphasis on primary palliative care. The book is organized into three parts comprising twenty two chapters. Part one provides the essential background and principles of supportive oncology and palliative care, including chapters on understanding the adult and pediatric patient and family illness experience, the roles and responsibilities of the palliative care team, and the art of the palliative care assessment interview. Part two covers symptom management and includes ten chapters considering the major physical and psychosocial symptoms a cancer patient may face—neurologic, cardiac, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, psychiatric, sleep and fatigue, pain, and psychosocial and spiritual distress. Part three addresses special considerations and issues that an oncologist, physician, nurse or other healthcare provider often face in these settings, including chapters on intimacy, sexuality, and fertility issues, grief and bereavement, running a family meeting, care for the caregiver, and survivorship.

This book presents a conceptual framework for contemporary nursing practice based on the science of self-care and also incorporates other nursing and multidisciplinary perspectives. It illustrates how to attain and integrate knowledge from nursing theory and theories of related disciplines to achieve optimal evidence-based nursing practice. Case examples from a variety of clinical situations integrated with nursing theory demonstrate the variables needed to achieve optimal nursing practice. The first chapter discusses, inter alia, the relative value of different ways and patterns of knowing within the discipline of nursing. This is followed by a chapter that explains the importance of knowing and understanding the proper object of nursing. Nursing is an action system; action systems begin with problem identification, framing, and delineation. Several factors condition or influence the requirements for self-care, and represent a point of articulation of nursing sciences with other sciences that inform health-related situations. Self-care agency is developed as one learns from his or her family members and others in society to care for self. A traditional collaborative-care system is a unique whole that is formed through the informal or formal negotiation for care by two adults. The dependent-care agent is a person in a relationship not only with the care recipient but also with other members of the family. The family may be a factor that conditions the therapeutic self-care demand and self-care agency of the family member who is the identified patient.

This book concentrates on board-related concepts in the field of Rehabilitation Medicine. It will appeal to medical students, residents, and practicing physiatrists. Residents will find the book essential in preparing for Part I and Part II of the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) Board Certification because it is one of the only books of its kind with major focus on board-related material giving a synopsis of up-to-date PM&R orthopedic, neurologic, and general medical information all in one place. Over 500 diagrams simplify material that is board pertinent. The topics are divided into major subspecialty areas such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, musculoskeletal medicine, electrodiagnostic medicine, prosthetics and orthotics, spinal cord injuries, physical modalities, pulmonary, cardiac, and cancer rehabilitation, pediatric rehabilitation, and pain medicine. All chapters are authored by physicians with special interests and clinical expertise in the respective subjects. Board pearls are highlighted with an open-book icon throughout the text. These pearls are aimed at stressing the clinical and board-eligible aspects of the topics. The content is modeled after the topic selection of the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Self-Assessment Examination for Residents (SAE-R) Content Outline. This was done specifically to help all residents, post graduates in yearly preparation and carryover from the SAE preparation to board exam preparation. Practicing physiatrists should also find this book helpful in preparation for the recertifying exam.

The Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) has expanded efforts to respond to the exponential growth of educational needs by offering primers at the Annual Meeting, itinerant courses to health care providers domestically and internationally, topical meetings and task forces addressing salient questions related to the field, specifying guidelines for patient toxicity management, policy and quality benchmark development, and informing on other themes as they emerge through the SITC portal. In this context, SITC leadership decided to update, refine, and broaden the legacy established by the first edition of this textbook by providing a second edition that targets primarily young basic and clinical investigators but is informative to as many other constituencies as possible. The new edition of Cancer Immunotherapy Principles and Practice updates chapters of the first edition while introducing new ones to cover emerging concepts. Chapters for textbooks can be painstakingly overbearing, but all contributors managed to complete their part to bring together cutting-edge insights that every translational investigator and practicing clinician needs to know about tumor immunology and immunotherapy. The textbook is divided into five sections: Basic Principles of Tumor Immunology, Cancer Immunotherapy Targets and Classes, Immune Function in Cancer Patients, Disease-Specific Treatments and Outcomes, and Regulatory Aspects of Cancer Immunotherapy. These sections cover the continuum from basic principles to practical and clinically relevant information to allow critical understanding of the development and testing of novel therapeutics, companion diagnostics, and useful biomarkers, and inform about the regulatory processes that support the safe and efficient delivery of immunotherapy to patients with cancer. In addition, the chapter on the history of immunotherapy was not only preserved but updated to honor and recognize those who pioneered and championed the field.

Preparation for board examinations can be a daunting and an overwhelming process for many of us. Trainees are often busy with research projects, manuscripts, and a large clinical volume, making it difficult to find time to study for board examinations. Practicing physicians find it hard to keep up on material needed for board recertification. Questions on the board examinations are drawn from well-established, validated medical literature and widely accepted clinical guidelines. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the field of radiation oncology. The format has been designed to efficiently test and reinforce knowledge of key concepts, critical studies, and major clinical guidelines, with the most important radiation oncology citations included. From trainees preparing for their board exams to practicing physicians looking for a review or preparing for the maintenance of certification exam, whether it be a few minutes between patients or a dedicated study session, the book will an invaluable resource to the radiation oncology community. The book is organized into ten chapters. It covers oncology topics such as head and neck cancers, central nervous system cancers, breast cancer, thoracic cancers, gastrointestinal cancers, genitourinary cancers, gynecologic cancers, lymphomas, soft tissue sarcoma, and pediatric cancers. Each chapter has detailed questions covering natural history, epidemiology, diagnosis, staging, treatment options, and treatment-related side effects all in a newly configured format.

This book serves as a practical and useful guide for the multidisciplinary management of long-term cancer survivors. It consists of 16 chapters that are organized into two sections. Section 1: Foundations of cancer survivorship care covers basic principles of survivorship that aids the clinician in the assessment and management of survivors' care. Chapters 1 and 2 introduce the reader to core concepts of survivorship; provides a review of the Institute of Medicine core domains; and present a definition of cancer survivorship and long-term cancer survivors. Chapter 3 provides a detailed discussion of the basic concepts of surveillance, late effects, and prevention of new or secondary cancers. Chapter 4 outlines the psychologic challenges that often accompany the survivorship experience. Strategies for cancer screening and prevention are discussed in Chapter 5 with application to the needs of long-term cancer survivors. Chapters 6 and 7 focus on the complex care of older survivors, ≥ 65 years and provides a useful discussion of late effects and comorbid conditions which create a confluence of special needs for this population. Chapter 8 discusses the role of integrative medicine in addressing some of the late effects of cancer and its treatment. The book is designed for care of the adult survivors; however, Chapter 9 addresses the burdens faced by adolescent and young adults who are survivors of cancer. Section 2: survivorship care and management for selected disease sites focuses on cancers selected by editors because they were the sites with the largest number of survivors seen in the clinics or are considered the most common in long-term survivors. Chapters 10 to 16 offer guidance on surveillance, prevention, late effects, and psychosocial issues encountered by cancer survivors. Brief clinical vignettes illustrate the application of the clinical practice algorithm(s) and survivorship care plan developed for each type of cancer.

The purpose of this handbook is to create a practical guide for trainees, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and attending physicians to guide them in the treatment of patients with gastrointestinal cancers. The handbook provides key information on diagnosis and treatment, while highlighting the epidemiology, molecular data, and additionally various multimodality treatment options for a broad array of gastrointestinal cancers. It is concise and easy to read, yet broad and practical in its ability to provide for the needs of the medical professional dealing with gastrointestinal cancers. Unique to the book are “How I Treat” vignettes providing not only standards of care but expert recommendations for approaching tough-to-treat disease sites and, in some cases, rare or uncommon patient scenarios. The book is appropriate for physicians in all specialties as well as primary care physicians and other healthcare professionals who are essential members of any team caring for the patient with gastrointestinal cancer. It begins with the most common of the gastrointestinal cancers, colon and rectal cancer, followed by pancreatic, hepatocellular, esophageal, and gastric cancer, cancer of the bile ducts and gallbladder, and then the more rare and unusual cancers such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors, neuroendocrine tumors, and anal carcinoma. In each of these sections, the authors use evidence-based guidelines for the specific cancer to focus on epidemiology and biologic aspects of the disease, including genetic factors and molecular biology. Chapters also discuss modifiable factors, diagnostic testing, and techniques consisting of the molecular basis of diagnosis and treatment of early and advanced disease, which incorporates the role of surgery, neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and biologics and their selection and ablative techniques. The presentation is very helpful and unique in that the authors approach advanced disease as oligometastatic and widely metastatic and account for how these approaches differ.

Social work has a long-standing commitment to healthcare and the recognition of the inextricable link to quality of life and well-being across the lifespan. This book emphasizes the critical importance of health for all members of society and the significant role of social work in the field. It presents essential information about health and social work critical to understanding today’s complex health care systems and policies. The book is intended as a core text for masters of social work (MSW) and advanced bachelor of social work (BSW) courses on health and social work, social work and health care, health and wellness, social work practice in health care, and integrative behavioral health taught in social work, public health, and gerontology. The book is organized into three parts containing 18 chapters. The first chapter describes the role of social work in healthcare. The second chapter discusses ethics and values in healthcare social work. The next three chapters present social determinants of health, intersectionality, and social work assessment. Chapter six discusses health promotion and public health. Chapter seven presents integrated behavioral healthcare. Chapter eight describes substance misuse, abuse, and substance-related disorders. Chapters nine and ten discuss palliative care, end-of-life care, correctional healthcare, and psychosocial care. Chapter 11 describes children and family health. Chapter 12 explores healthcare and work with older adults and their caregivers. Chapters 13 to 15 delve on immigrants and refugee health, health and HIV/AIDS, and LGBTQ health. Chapters 16 and 17 describe healthcare and disability, and healthcare and serving veterans. The final chapter discusses future direction of healthcare and social work.

While there are several comprehensive textbooks on movement disorders, all are lengthy, thick, hardbound books and thus are less useful for the busy, practicing clinician who often needs a quick guide on the diagnostic approach and therapy for various movement disorders. There are a few practical, therapeutic handbooks on Parkinson disease but there are none for other types of movement disorders (chorea, dystonia, myoclonus, ataxia, etc). The ever busy clinician will also benefit from a “primer” on DBS—its new device types, indications, identification of ideal and non-ideal candidates, and trouble-shooting. This third edition is a practical yet authoritative guide to the diagnosis and work up, and the pharmacological, non-pharmacological and surgical treatments of all types of movement disorders for the clinician-intraining and the practicing clinician. The authors used an “expanded outline bullet point” format, with liberal use of flow charts, algorithms and tables, with emphasis on clinical presentation, work-up and management, rather than pathophysiology and disease mechanism. In summary, this book should provide a comprehensive and practical approach to the neurological, behavioral, and surgical treatment of movement disorders. Because the authors anticipate that clinicians may be reading this book comprehensively, from start to finish; or, using it “on demand” by quickly surveying specific chapters related to the phenomenology of a challenging patient—content overlap has been intentional, to emphasize concepts and principles in diagnosis and management. Several movement disorders can present with different phenomenologies, thus several disorders will reappear in various chapters. From the first to this latest edition, the authors aim has always been to empower the modern clinician with the necessary skills in making the evaluation of movement disorders less intimidating and more rewarding.

The practice of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine (PM&R) is diverse from one country to another, one region to another, one medical center to another and one provider to another. This book covers these diverse areas of practice, whether the care is provided to patients in a large metropolitan tertiary care center, a smaller medical referral center in a less-populated city, or a truly rural practice where the pediatric physiatrist is often the first specialty physician to encounter the child with a disability. The textbook is intended for use by medical providers of all types and especially students, residents, fellows, and busy practicing clinicians within or in close quarters of our specialty of PM&R. The sixth edition of the book provides eight new chapters devoted to Brachial Plexus Palsy, Oncology, Robotics, Genetics, Spasticity Management, Rheumatology, Burns, and Advocacy and significantly expanded coverage of Acquired Brain Injury. These chapters reflect the growth and expansion of the field as medical science evolves, new diagnoses appear, and technology advances at an astounding pace. The thought of powered orthotics and exoskeletons with robotic arms and legs would have been almost impossible to conceive even a decade ago. The book brings in new ideas, many new authors and chapters, and updated material to reflect current evidence-based thinking and practice.

The field of stem cell transplantation has evolved dramatically over the past decade. Improvements in supportive care and the use of targeted therapies after transplant to prevent relapse have improved the outcome for patients undergoing autologous transplantation. This modality of therapy remains an important therapeutic option for patients with myeloma and relapsed lymphoma. The limitations of donor availability for allogeneic transplant has been largely eliminated with improved molecular typing for unrelated donors and the increasing use of alternative donor stem cell sources, such as haploidentical donors and umbilical cord blood. The safety of allogeneic transplantation has improved by the routine assessment of a patient’s comorbidities and the tailoring of the transplant intensity to achieve the best outcome. This handbook discusses a number of diseases in detail. The chapters give the reader an increased understanding of the disease and the options for therapy. It also allows the reader to understand the role of either transplantation or cellular therapy in the context of disease risk and other therapeutic options. The handbook provides a resource to clinicians caring for patients undergoing transplantation or receiving cellular therapies. Fellows, interns, residents, students, advanced practice professionals in nursing and physician assistants, and pharmacists, as well as others in the care of these patients, may find this handbook useful. The book describes the role of transplantation or cellular therapies in a variety of hematologic malignancies. There are chapters addressing complications related to infections, liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction and pulmonary complications. Special emphasis is given to both acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease and their management. Finally, there is an important chapter on the long-term management of patients after transplantation, which should be of help to all providers who care for survivors of transplantation.

Death and Dying courses in social work; nursing; counseling psychology; and medicine traditionally focused on topics such as the experience of dying; the delivery of health care during the end of life; and the experience of mourning after a death. The book includes neurobiological aspects of development and grieving for the students to understand these aspects of biology if they are to claim a bio-psycho-social-spiritual perspective in the 21st century. It talks about the spiritual development in each life phase and also on the special considerations in risk and resilience to describe aspects of marginalization that may affect development. The book explains the factors that promote resilience; maintaining our strengths-based approach to all of this material. It continues with the identification of maturational losses; incorporating these non-death losses into a section renamed living losses found in each life phase chapter. The book defines the chapters by developmental tasks that are tackled at more or less predictable ages to which the chapters are loosely bound. It reviews research on specific responses to loss situations and discuss intervention strategies supported by practice wisdom and empirical research. The book has ancillary materials available to qualified instructors that include outlines; PowerPoint; and activities for each chapter as well as the readings from the earlier editions. This edition of the book will help each reader feel prepared to help grievers of all ages and types.

Botulinum toxin (BoNT) therapy involves as much art as it does science. Prescription and injection of a BoNT product requires that clinicians be familiar with the unique properties of each product, including its dosage range for a seemingly ever-expanding list of approved or published medical indications. This quick reference guide provides detailed dosage information for the four BoNT products available in the USA (abobotulinumtoxinA, incobotulinumtoxinA, onabotulinumtoxinA, and rimabotulinumtoxinB) which are approved for both cosmetic and medical indications. Included in this abbreviated manual are updated regulatory agency approved medical indications for both adults and children and recommended dosage ranges in the USA (Food and Drug Administration), Canada (Health Canada), the United Kingdom (Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency), and the European Union (European Medicines Agency). Detailed BoNT dosage information for each of these BoNT products is presented in an easy-to-navigate table format. The tables are organized by clinical indication along with each agency-approved dosage where available and the published dosage ranges per treatment session and per structure injected. Providing this information in a single reference manual allows clinicians to quickly calculate the dosage of a given BoNT product for a given indication and/or structure. The anatomical illustrations provided in this manual serve as a reference guide for clinicians to enhance the localization of muscles and other target structures during the injection planning process. The authors hope this information will be useful for clinicians and for the patients to whom they provide care.

This revised and updated second edition of Handbook of Hematologic Malignancies continues to be an essential and “go-to” resource for the busy hematologist, hematologic oncologist, hematopathologist, oncology advanced practice provider, oncology nurse, and trainee. Hematologic malignancies and their treatment have witnessed many changes in this past decade. Innovations from improved diagnostics to therapeutics have reshaped the ways in which these diseases are characterized and managed. This book highlights critical differential diagnoses to consider as well as provides the most current prognostication tables for each disease in order to facilitate direct extension of this information to the patients. In addition, it includes full-color pathology images that have been selected for their exceptional clarity to help the reader elucidate subtle morphologic differences between disease entities. Concisely organized, each chapter provides the most current, need-to-know points of diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic management, and clinical trial opportunities for each hematological malignancy. The authors have created relevant clinical cases not only in the book but also in accessible online cases, supporting each chapter with corresponding questions to highlight important deliverables from every chapter. The book provides evidence-based algorithms guiding treatment recommendations for both frontline and salvage settings, with key references supporting each recommendation. The authors’ intention was to create a reference textbook that is concise and easy to read, serving the needs of the medical professional dealing with hematologic malignancies. They highlight current clinical trials that may alter our future practice decisions. Notably, in this 2nd edition, they not only provide major updates and insight into future practice-changing clinical trials but add numerous chapters, particularly those focused on novel cellular immunotherapy, which has been the most exciting revolution in the clinical care of patients with hematologic malignancies.

Bone stress injury (BSI) represent an overuse injury to bone seen in athletes and active individuals. Despite being a common injury seen in clinical practice, there exists confusion on multiple aspects of this injury, including appropriate terminology. For example, “stress fracture” is often used interchangeably with “stress reaction” or “stress response”. Recent scientific discoveries on the topic of bone stress injury have advanced our understanding of risk factors for injury. Rarely can the injury be attributed solely to training errors. While training volume, intensity, and frequency do influence bone remodeling, most BSI are multifactorial and involve a combination of biological, anatomical, and biomechanical risk factors for injury. Recognizing risk factors for BSI may help to develop a comprehensive treatment plan to address each injury. Further, the goal of treating the injury should focus on methods to optimize bone health and develop strategies for future injury prevention. This book is organized to address aspects of clinical diagnosis, rehabilitation, and prevention. The authors invited experts across a range of topics to provide a more complete understanding of the full spectrum in BSI treatment. Initial chapters focus on evaluating injury, including the role of the clinical examination and imaging to guide treatment. Recognition of risk factors for BSI are separated into biological and biomechanical risk factors, including gender, age, and anatomical location. The book reviews methods to optimize treatment in each section by anatomical location, and reviews strategies for refractory injuries in designated chapters on medications, emerging technologies, and interventions. Further, the authors identify what is known about future injury prevention and methods to optimize bone strength. The goal of this book is to provide a comprehensive understanding of BSI that improves clinical outcomes and provides a patient-centered treatment program.

This book provides a one-stop guide to the essential basic and clinical science of all the effective, life-prolonging drug therapies in oncology. From traditional cytotoxic agents to targeted genomic, epigenomic, hormonal, and immunotherapeutic agents, this book covers the staggering advances in cancer pharmacology that are propelling new standards of care for common and uncommon malignancies. Each chapter contains visually engaging figures detailing the tumor microenvironment, chemical structures of agents, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenomic, and molecular properties of the various agents, and their mechanisms of action. As the first illustrated book of its kind, this highly visual text uses a uniform approach to each cancer drug class and agent presented in the book, and covers alkylating agents, antimetabolites, antimitotics, epigenetic modulators, hormonal agents, targeted therapies, monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapeutic agents, and much more. Flow diagrams, clinical tables, and bulleted text further explain important information pertaining to each cancer drug class including their indications, mechanisms of action, potential adverse reactions, dosing and dose adjustments, and safety monitoring.

Jean Watson’s “Human Caring Theory” asserts that caring and love transcend distance, space, time, and physicality. This model of caring includes science, humanities, spirituality, and evolving facets of mind-body-spirit medicine. Establishing a firm intent to care in digital settings and then enacting caring in ways that have been validated through research and other forms of knowledge development can help sustain caring as a core value in nursing and beyond. The chapters in Part I offer an overview of Caring Science foundations, Caritas Processes, and examples of real-life applications and implementation strategies. The chapters in Part II provide activities that teachers, learners, and professionals can do to support caring in digital learning environments and during every-day digital communications. Part III explores existing online free and open global educational opportunities related to conveying and sustaining caring in the digital world, and provides simple practices that can support personal and ongoing intent to care. The Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) and caring online trainings are ongoing teaching-learning-sharing communities and provide forums for far-reaching awareness, dialogue, and cross-cultural/interprofessional collaboration. Part IV consists of teaching materials for a self-contained course on caring that readers may use to create their own course on caring in professional or academic settings. These course materials also provide a concrete example of how to create clear and well-organized content for online courses. A significant amount of knowledge development can occur through group discussion, sharing, and collaboration.

This book is written to provide a general overview of health literacy, as it is difficult to incorporate a comprehensive illustration of every type of health literacy encounter. It is divided into four parts with specific chapters within each part for quick and easy reference. The first part of the book provides an overall baseline knowledge of health literacy. It touches on health literacy and its impact on accessing care and navigating throughout a complex health care delivery system and reviews the major health literacy efforts of the federal government, scientists, health researchers, health policy experts, and health professionals. The second part focuses on the role of oral communication. It incorporates the role and importance of culture, language, and communication access services needed to provide quality, safe person-centered care and focuses on nursing strategies to enhance effective communication and understanding. The third part focuses on written health communication. It discusses content design and layout of written health information and patient education. How written information is presented can have a tremendous impact on readability and understandability. The final part of the book helps to prepare nurses who care for unique populations. It presents health literacy implications when caring for persons in in palliative care and making difficult end-of-life decisions and identifies the uniqueness of caring for young children, patients with mental health disorders and older adults. Finally, the book presents the ethical principles of human research subjects and how to ensure that research participants with low health literacy are protected.

This book differs greatly from earlier versions because of two main changes. The first is the adoption of an intersectional approach in working with families. It underlines the importance of an intersectional approach to working with families that, in addition to culture and ethnicity, also considers socioeconomic class, gender, age, religion, immigration status, and sexual orientation as important factors. Additionally, the text expands its direct-practice view with the addition of four new chapters written by psychologists, plus a new chapter on health issues in multicultural families and access to health services. The book is updated with the latest knowledge and research, along with new and revised case vignettes demonstrating culturally competent practice. It provides a new intersectional approach to assessment and treatment and adds the perspectives of psychologists in four completely new chapters. The book includes a new chapter on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition from a multicultural perspective, plus new chapters on health and access to health services and offer the most up-to-date knowledge and research. It provides new and updated case vignettes and reflects changes in the family unit over the last quarter century and how it impacts treatment. The book addresses distinct sociopolitical issues affecting immigrants and undocumented families and focuses on the most important emerging issues of multicultural families. It covers multicultural mental health across the lifespan and encompasses the distinct perspectives of different ethnic and racial groups, and those of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender families. The book also discusses domestic violence and substance abuse in regard to multicultural families and delineates the most effective treatment methods. It examines the culturagram as a useful assessment and treatment planning modality and addresses ethical issues including the National Association of Social Workers code of ethics.

This second edition of Pocket Guide to Radiation Oncology provides an updated and rapid review of the existing standard of care and the most relevant literature. Like the first edition, this quick pocket-sized reference can be carried for a quick review instead of heavy textbooks often filled with esoteric topics and lengthy minutiae. The book has new chapters on the growing areas of oligometastatic disease, benign indications, and proton therapy. The book comprises 55 chapters organized by site-specific diseases: central nervous system neoplasms, head and neck cancers, thoracic cancers, breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancers, gynecologic cancers, genitourinary cancers, lymphoma, sarcoma, skin cancers, pediatric malignancies, metastatic disease, and benign indications. The chapters present must-know key points, including treatment options by stage, technical considerations, and important items for follow-up. Clinical pearls and tables covering treatment options, dose constraints, side effects, target delineations, and treatment planning complete each chapter. The chapters conclude with a list of selected, summarized studies relevant to the disease. The book takes an efficient and no-frills approach to fundamental topics in the field, making it the perfect reference for a quick review for the board exam or MOC and even serving as a handy reference during a case review at a tumor board. The book provides essential, quick reference appendices on radiation therapy symptom management, normal tissue tolerance constraints, and radiation therapy and new systemic agents.

Clinical trials are the engine of progress in the development of new drugs, procedures, and devices for the detection, monitoring, prevention, and treatment of cancer. A well-conceived, carefully designed, and efficiently conducted clinical trial can produce results that change clinical practice, deliver new oncology drugs, interventions, and diagnostics to the marketplace, and expand our understanding of cancer biology. This book presents the latest designs and methods of conducting and analyzing cancer clinical trials in the era of precision medicine with biologic agents including trials investigating the safety and efficacy of targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and combination therapies as well as novel radiation therapy modalities. It provides examples of real-life flaws and real-world examples for how to successfully design, conduct and analyze quality clinical trials and interpret them. With chapters written by oncologists, researchers, biostatisticians, clinical research administrators, and industry and FDA representatives. The book provides a comprehensive guide in the design, conduct, monitoring, analysis, and reporting of clinical trials in oncology. It covers various topics such as immunotherapy trials, radiation therapy trials, multi-arm trials, meta-analysis and adaptive design, use of genomics, dose modifications and use of ancillary treatments in investigational studies, establishing surrogate endpoints, practical issues with correlative studies, cost-effectiveness analysis and more. The book is organized into six parts containing 49 chapters. The first part provides background and introduction to oncology clinical trials which includes ethical principles guiding clinical research. The next two parts discusses designing and conducting oncology clinical trials such as phase I, II and III trials; confirmatory clinical trials, noninferiority trials, and quality of life studies. The fourth part describes analyzing results of oncology clinical trials. The fifth part talks about special considerations in oncology clinical trials. The final part discusses about cooperative groups, regulatory, and governing bodies involved in oncology clinical trials.

This book is a comprehensive guide for the practicing physician and medical physicist in the management of complex intracranial and extracranial disease. It presents the scientific principles, clinical background and procedures, treatment planning, and treatment delivery of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for the treatment of tumors throughout the body. The book is organized into two parts comprising twenty chapters. Beginning with an overview of SRS and SBRT, Part one provides insightful coverage on topics such as the evolving radiobiological principles of radiosurgery and SBRT, SRS and SBRT process, patient immobilization, imaging, treatment planning process, and technologies and equipment used for SRS and SBRT. It also contains focused chapters on quality assurance, quality management, and patient safety. Part Two describes the clinical application of SRS and SBRT for tumors throughout the body. The body regions covered includes brain, head and neck, lung, pancreas, adrenal glands, liver, prostate, cervix, and spine. It also has a chapter on oligometastatic disease. Each clinical chapter includes an introduction to the disease site, followed by a thorough review of all indications and exclusion criteria, in addition to the important considerations for patient selection, treatment planning and delivery, and outcome evaluation. These chapters conclude with a detailed and site-specific dose constraints table for critical structures and their suggested dose limits. The final chapter discusses immunoradiosurgery. The book is enhanced with supplemental video tutorials and is a must-have book for clinicians, physicists, and other radiation therapy practitioners.

Revised and updated, this third edition continues its tradition of providing evidence-based approaches to the specific technical aspects of delivering radiation treatment. Easy to read and relevant to general practice, this popular pocket-sized manual leads radiation oncology trainees and clinicians through the basics of radiotherapy planning and delivery for all major malignancies in a step-by-step manner. Organized by body site or system, each chapter provides technical details and clinical updates to planning as a result of practice-changing paradigms as well as new and updated equipment and techniques. Specialized topics such as palliative radiotherapy and pediatric radiotherapy round out the final chapters. With over 40 new images in addition to detailed accounts of advances in the field, this highly anticipated third edition provides important updates while retaining the valued, practical features of the previous editions. Written by members of staff in the Department of Radiation Oncology at the Cleveland Clinic, this edition continues to be a valuable resource for training as well as a reliable quick reference for professionals in the field such as radiation therapists and technologists, radiation nurses, dosimetrists, physicists, and practicing physicians. It presents concise summaries including target definitions and dose constraints for planning all major disease sites, provides updated coverage of planning associated with stereotactic body radiation therapy for prostate, pancreas, and liver cancers, and includes over 190 full color images. It also outlines new practice standards for hypofractionated radiation therapy in breast and prostate cancers and explains specific technical aspects important for the appropriate clinical delivery of radiation treatment.

Every nurse cares for patients facing end-of-life issues at some point in their career. For some nurses, working with terminally ill patients is an infrequent, yet important experience. For others, it is part of their daily nursing work. Fast Facts for the Hospice Nurse: A Concise Guide to End-of-Life Care, Second edition, like the first edition, is a valuable, up-to-date resource for all nurses whether they work with terminally ill patients on a daily basis or only occasionally. This book is for nurses who are seeking to specialize in hospice, those who work in long-term care settings, postacute care settings, acute care setting, and those who are seeking to enhance their knowledge of end-of-life care within other specialties. This second edition has been thoroughly revised, updated, and expanded. New information has been added on the role of the hospice nurse as case manager, cultural issues, such as working with members of the LGBTQ+ community, and special communication considerations, such as working with deaf and hard of hearing patients and those who have limited English proficiency. In terms of symptom management at the end of life, new chapters have been added on the use of cannabis, nonpharmacological pain management interventions, wound care, care of the dying patient, and postmortem care. Each section of the second edition of this book focuses on nursing care at the end of life and offers concise, yet thorough, coverage of important topics. Throughout the book, numerous resources are provided and ‘Fast Facts’ boxes are used to highlight important pieces of information. Treatment options are also included in tables and figures throughout the book. Screening tools for depression, anxiety, and risk for wounds are included as well as scales that are important in hospice care, such as the Palliative Performance Scale and the Karnofsky Performance Scale.

An understanding of biostatistics is necessary for reading and comprehending published literature, for performing retrospective research, and for designing and analyzing prospective clinical trials. Biostatistical concepts are also tested on oncology board exams. This book is organized into four sections covering 13 chapters. Section I begins with the basic foundations of biostatistics that are tested on board exams such as summarizing and graphing data, sampling, and statistical estimation. In Section II, these basics are then expanded on to include the concepts used in retrospective study design, analysis, and interpretation. It discusses hypothesis testing, correlation, regression, categorical data analysis, survival analysis methods, and noninferiority analysis. Section III focuses on prospective clinical trials, guiding readers in their understanding of published clinical trials and in the design and analysis of novel clinical trials. It describes cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, matched studies, analysis of studies, and sample size. The final section presents self-study multiple choice questions with answers and rationales.

The book begins with a brief overview of the various types of genetic alterations that are encountered in cancer, followed by accessible and applicable information on next generation sequencing technology and bioinformatics, tumor heterogeneity, whole genome, exome and transcriptome sequencing, epigenomics, and data analysis and interpretation. It provides essential explanations of concepts, terminology, and methods. The book includes tips for interpreting and analyzing molecular data, as well as a discussion of molecular predictors for targeted therapies covering hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. It explains the use of FDA-approved genomic-based targeted therapies for breast cancer, lung cancer, sarcomas, gastrointestinal cancers, urologic cancers, head and neck cancer, thyroid cancer, and many more. The book provides essential understanding of the molecular and genetic basis of cancer and the clinical aspects that have led to advancements in diagnosis and treatment. It describes how cancer genomics and next generation sequencing informs cancer screening, risk factors, therapeutic options, and clinical management across cancer types. The book explains what mutations are, what tests are needed, and how to interpret the results and provides information on FDA-approved targeted therapies that are being used in the clinic. Finally, it covers different sequencing platforms and technologies and how they perform in research settings.

This fourth edition of the book covers basic and advanced concepts related to the delivery of social work services in health care settings. When health care is responsive to those in need, the provision of services must be equitable, safe, timely, efficient, effective, evidence-based, and patient-centered while simultaneously exemplifying best practices for all. As pressure for quality services continues to increase, however, the equitable distribution and availability of affordable health care has changed. This has left many providers and patients alike filled with expectation and speculation as to what constitutes essential health care service delivery. The book advocates a proactive stance for health care social workers and is designed to serve as a practical guide for understanding and addressing the philosophy of practice in our current health care environment. Suggestions are made for achieving ethical time-limited, evidence-based social work practice in these settings. At the end of each chapter, a “Summary and Future Directions” section is provided that will help social workers to understand what can be expected and how to prepare for the practice changes needed in order to remain viable clinical practitioners. The book is designed as a practical guide to help social workers understand the roots of social work practice, stressing the importance of the person-in-environment and person-in-situation while utilizing strength’s perspective employing this information as a foundation for embracing the changes to come. As a skilled professional, the incorporation of evidence-based social work practice will need to serve as the cornerstone of all we do while always taking into account the uniqueness and situation-based strategy needed to help each individual patient/client/consumer.

SITC’s Guide to Managing Immunotherapy Toxicity is a practical reference to managing side effects associated with FDA-approved cancer immunotherapy drugs. Part I contains chapter-based overviews of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the clinic, starting with Anti-CTLA-4 agents, Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents, and approved immunotherapeutic combinations. These chapters cover relevant mechanisms of action, indications, and toxicities seen while combating early, advanced, and metastatic stages in cancer patients. Part II is structured by common and uncommon toxicities that affect major organ sites throughout the body. It begins with a general summary of principles and management options followed by chapters focusing on specific toxicities such as rash and mucosal irritation, muscle and joint toxicity, diarrhea and colitis, pneumonitis, endocrine toxicities, neurological toxicities, cardiac toxicity, renal toxicity, hematologic toxicity, and ocular toxicities. Each chapter provides guidance on how to assess and treat the toxicity and how to support the patient through acute and chronic effects with detailed summary tables for quick reference. Part II concludes with chapters covering management of special patient populations, including patients with autoimmune disease and geriatric patients, treatment and management of fatigue, and a final chapter dedicated to cost effectiveness and the toll of ‘financial toxicity’ on patients and caregivers. With chapters written by world-recognized oncology leaders in the immuno-oncology field, this text provides thorough coverage of the toxicity and management of adverse effects for immune checkpoint inhibitors. It is an indispensable resource for clinical oncologists, emergency physicians, hospitalists, and other medical practitioners in both the hospital and community clinic settings, especially as the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors becomes a fixture in oncology care.

The field of counseling is an exciting and challenging career choice. It is a profession that has a prolific history of enabling person-centered counseling approaches for individuals, couples, partners, and families, and facilitates therapeutic services for children, adolescents, adults, and older adults. This book offers an excellent resource for graduate-level coursework that relates to an orientation to the counseling profession, professional issues, and special topic seminars, as well as other counseling-related coursework. It provides both contemporary insight and practical strategies for working with the complexity of real-life issues related to assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of diverse clients and their families. The book provides professionals with chapters organized into the 10 CACREP and CORE content areas that address the awareness, knowledge, and skills required to work with children, adolescents, individuals, groups, couples, families, and persons from diverse cultural backgrounds. The content areas are: professional counseling identity, ethical and practice management issues, case management and consultation issues, multicultural counseling awareness, counseling theories and techniques, career counseling and human growth, assessment and diagnosis, counseling couples, families, and groups, counseling specific populations, and contemporary issues in counseling.

This book provides a transformative approach to the study of nursing through nursing case studies in caring. It provides an innovative and exciting approach to the study of nursing from within the context of nursing situations. The book is divided into two parts. Part I provides an introduction to the concept of nursing situations; an overview of the philosophical and theoretical perspectives grounding the framework development; an explanation of the Barry, Gordon & King Teaching/Learning Nursing Framework; a conceptual translation and application of the framework to selected grand and midrange theoretical perspectives; and an in-depth exemplar of teaching the discipline of nursing through the use of a nursing situation at the graduate level. Part II presents examples of nursing situations across a variety of populations, health concerns, and practice settings. These include caring between a nurse and an older adult, a nurse and a young woman experiencing a sickle cell crisis, a nurse and a young woman who experienced sudden cardiac arrest, a nurse and an adult, a nurse and a young adult experiencing cancer, a nurse and a baby and its parents, a nurse and a child, a nurse and a group of men hospitalized with chronic mental illness. The settings are also varied such as an emergency room, NICU, long-term care setting or a hospice care. The last chapter talks about caring during the Ebola outbreak in Uganda.

Cancer affects 1.7 million new lives each year. Over 60" of those diagnosed with cancer will undergo radiation therapy at some point in their disease process–whether for curative intent or for palliation. Radiation oncologists take great care to accurately target tumor and minimize normal tissue irradiation. This book provides a concise summary of the presentation and management of both acute and late radiation side effects. The ability to effectively manage the acute effects on patients undergoing treatment is critical for radiation oncology professionals as well as other medical fields, as patients are treated in multidisciplinary fashion. Most late-appearing effects from radiation are uncommon. The book is a collection of the experience of disease site experts who see and treat both acute and late effects with frequency. Their summarized evidence-based practice provides guidance to anyone whose practice touches cancer patients and survivors. The book is a useful and practical guide in practice, whether it be daily management or as reference for the occasional patient with a history of radiation. The book is divided into thirteen chapters. The first chapter addresses radiation therapy effects on the central nervous system. The second chapter presents radiation therapy effects in head and neck cancer. The third chapter describes radiation therapy effects on the thorax. The fourth chapter analyzes radiation therapy effects in breast cancer. The next three chapters presents radiation therapy effects on the abdomen, pelvis, and on skin and extremities. Chapter 8 reviews radiation toxicity management in children. The ninth chapter discusses the systemic effects of radiation therapy. The tenth chapter analyzes radioprotection for radiation therapy. Chapter 11 discusses the risk and prevention of radiation-induced cancers. Chapter twelve describes the approaches and challenges in cancer survivorship. The final chapter talks about maximizing the health and wellness of cancer survivors through healthy lifestyle behaviors.

Considering the various comments the authors received from a variety of readers of the past editions, it was clear that this text needed to keep the format and hold the place in the sports medicine review category of thorough, yet succinct, texts. This third edition has kept true to the sports medicine board examination content outline in order to cover all topics testable on the examination. Even the length of each chapter is designed according to how much that topic is weighted on the examination. The authors have also kept the easy-to-read outline format as well as the reference lists at the end of each chapter, which can be used for more in-depth study of the topics. The book is divided into three primary sections: General Topics; Health Promotion and Injury Prevention; and Diagnosis and Treatment of Sports Injuries and Conditions. The third section is divided into the following four subsections: Musculoskeletal Injuries and Conditions; Medical, Neurological, and Psychological Conditions; Special Populations; and Hot Topics in Sports Medicine. The authors have added a new chapter to the Hot Topics subsection on exercise as medicine to supplement existing chapters on sports ultrasound and regenerative medicine. For this third edition, they have added rationales with detailed explanations of why one answer is correct and the others are not. The book is meant to be used as a study guide for primary care sports medicine physicians (family medicine, emergency medicine, internal medicine, pediatrics, and physical medicine and rehabilitation) and orthopedic sports medicine physicians preparing to take the sports medicine subspecialty examination for initial certification or recertification. It also can serve as a sports medicine reference for other medical professionals such as athletic trainers, physical therapists, chiropractors, advanced practice providers, physicians in training (i.e., interns, residents, and fellows), and other physicians interested in sports medicine.

This book is designed to raise the awareness of fellow nursing colleagues about the opportunities that exist for them in aiding governments and health infrastructures to obtain the targets established by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Additionally, it provides ample opportunities for the profession to integrate global considerations into nursing curricula, research efforts, and practice initiatives right now. The book first provides a background of emerging considerations in global nursing and global health for personal-planetary transformation, a brief history and future directions of the relationship between nursing and the UN, guidelines for global leadership and discussion of the importance of global citizenship, and ethics in the global health context. Then, it provides a primer on the 17 SDGs. Readers will find information about the SDG targets, options for how nursing can play direct and indirect roles in furthering the priorities of each goal, and the current initiatives under way that deserve global nursing’s input and partnership if they are to be truly effective. Finally, the book articulates a vision for the future of global nursing and global health, one that: moves from the firsthand global wisdom of nurses who guide us to further the SDGs in countries around the world; requires us to be reflective as individuals, with partners, groups, organizations, and communities as we commit to sustainable development; creates a collaboration consciousness to engender unity and peace; and illustrates a Post-2030 Agenda, beyond the SDGs, for planetary health.

This book addresses new treatment pathways, outcomes, and economics of spasticity care within the larger context of the rapidly changing health care environment. Divided into four sections, the book is intended to provide both clinicians and researchers up-to-date access on the latest comprehensive treatment of spasticity. The first part of the book includes a general overview with four chapters highlighting why spasticity is important, epidemiology of spasticity and other signs of the upper motor neuron syndrome, and finally ancillary findings associated with caring for the patient with spasticity. The second part of the book focuses on the assessment tools in diagnosis and management of spasticity. It includes an outline of general overview measurement tools, specific techniques and scales, assessment of the upper and lower extremity, and setting realistic goals for treatment. The third part of the book explains the role of the physical and occupational therapist in spasticity management, the use of ultrasound in guidance of botulinum toxin management, and emerging technologies in the treatment of spasticity. The final part of the book is devoted to individual diseases involving spasticity and treatment within the context of these conditions. In addition to updated chapters on evaluation, genetics, and spasticity in adults and children with spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, stroke, traumatic brain injury, and cerebral palsy, the book include new chapters on more specialized areas including spasticity in patients with cancer, treatment of spasticity in patients in long-term care facilities, and the economics of spasticity treatment.

Cancer patients frequently present with scenarios for which level I evidence is not available and a more individualized approach to each patient is warranted. This book analyzes common difficult clinical situations from various vantage points. It presents case examples which were developed to guide discussions on treatment recommendations, with a review of current issues, and any potential data utilized to drive treatment decisions. The cases are organized into sections corresponding to the major treatment areas of radiation oncology: Breast, Gastrointestinal, Gynecology, Genitourinary, Head and Neck, Thorax, and Central Nervous System. Radiation oncological apsects are discussed for several difficult cases of breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, rectal cancer, anal cancer, endometrial cancer, prostate cancer, laryngeal carcinoma, oral tongue cancer, small-cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, anaplastic oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma. The book provides residents, fellows, and clinicians with a practical, evidence-based guide to the current management of difficult cases in radiation oncology. Emphasis is on the management of those clinical challenges commonly seen in practice that the community practitioner would normally handle without outside referral.

This book provides an authoritative and evidence-based guide to the understanding and implementation of quality and safety procedures in radiation oncology practice. Chapter topics range from fundamental concepts of value and quality to commissioning technology and the use of metrics. They include perspectives on quality and safety from the patient, third-party payers, as well as from the federal government. Other chapters cover prospective testing of quality, training and education, error identification and analysis, incidence reporting, as well as special technology and procedures, including MRI-guided radiation therapy, proton therapy and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), quality and safety procedures in resource-limited environments, and more. The book is divided into three parts. Part I presents the basic concepts in quality, value and safety includes descriptions of value in the American and European health care systems, and error prevention and risk management. Part II is devoted to quality considerations in radiation physics. Chapters cover equipment, software and techniques that are used, and the quality considerations that need to be kept in mind during external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy, and proton and particle therapy. The third part discusses quality considerations in clinical practice settings. Discussions range from creation of a quality culture, testing of quality and safety measures, and training in graduate medical education to patient’s perspectives, reporting and investigation of incidents, error disclosures and error identifications, and the role of dosimetrist and therapist in radiation oncology.

This book serves as a practical resource to physiatrists who are providing daily inpatient care or who are sharing call on inpatients. It focuses on the most common medical complications for major rehabilitation diagnoses in adults who we see in a large rehabilitation hospital. The book covers the major topics including musculoskeletal disorders, spinal cord injury, multiple trauma and burns, stroke, traumatic brain injury, neurological and rheumatological disorders, cancer rehabilitation, and amputations written by physiatrists. It discusses the diagnosis and management of the majority of medical complications written by acute care specialists. The book also focuses on total hip arthroplasty (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA), and discusses any differences the practitioner might encounter while treating these patients after surgery in the inpatient unit. TKA goals are to facilitate the rapid recovery of the knee range of motion (ROM), strengthen the knee and hip musculature, and return to functional independence. Medical complications are common among patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation, so the rehabilitation specialists need to be aware of them, know their treatments and prevention strategies. The complications can be direct or indirect. Those that might require transfer would more likely be as a result of indirect complications such as pneumonia, DVT with pulmonary embolism (PE), urinary tract infections (UTIs) that become systemic, hip fracture from fall, and gastrointestinal (GI) ulcer. Rehabilitation inpatient facilities host a heterogeneous group of patients. The age of such patients varies widely as does the range of their conditions, which includes neuromuscular diseases, brain injuries, stroke, spinal cord injuries, burns, fractures, prosthetic joint replacement, organ transplants, and conditioning following long-term hospitalizations. Special considerations are required in the evaluation of fevers since different patient groups may exhibit atypical symptoms of infection and the etiology of fever includes noninfectious causes.

This book provides a concise and practical resource to assist in real-time, clinical decision making for managing lung cancer. The first two chapters deal with epidemiology and etiology of lung cancer, lung carcinogenesis, lung cancer genetics, epigenetics, and tumor microenvironment. Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) is associated with a 20% to 40% increase in lung cancer risk. The third chapter provides an overview of several of the driver oncogenes that are important in the pathogenesis of non–small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and have emerged as targets for therapeutic approaches. The advent of molecular profiling and targeted therapy renewed interest in the distinguishing between the major subtypes of NSCLC: adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) and large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC). The fourth and fifth chapters deal with screening and diagonosis of lung cancer. This is followed by four chapters which describe the management of early stage, locally advanced stage, advanced stage, and recurrent NSCLC, and their respective treatment therapies such as video-assisted thoracic surgery, robotic-assisted thoracic surgery, sequential induction chemotherapy, necitumumab, maintenance therapy, and sequential single-agent therapy. Chapters 10 and 11 discuss the management of limited-stage and extensive-stage small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and the treatment therapies. Lung cancer is a disease of the elderly, and accordingly chapter 13 covers the management of elderly and high-risk patients suffering from this disease. This is followed by a focus on the management of neuroendocrine tumors (NET), pleural mesothelioma, and thymic tumors. The book ends with a discussion on palliative care in thoracic oncology.

This book provides a comprehensive and concise visual reference on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) seen in children and adults. It addresses all aspects of AML and ALL including their risk factors, cytogenetics and mutational characteristics, diagnoses, clinical management and prognoses which are imperative and challenging for medical students, residents, hematology and medical oncology fellows, and even community oncologists and hematologists. The book focuses on issues surrounding the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and overall management in both pediatric and elderly patients; psychosexual issues that arise as a consequence of both the disease and treatment; and the complex field involving the development, approval and regulatory aspects of new treatment strategies. It stimulates readers to develop new and refreshing concepts that, in turn, could lead to cures and enhanced quality of life for children and adults suffering from acute leukemias. The book contains over 40 tables and over 220 illustrations, histologic photomicrographs, flow diagrams, graphs, and schemata with detailed figure legends. The result is a visually engaging book that is easy to read, review, and remember. The book also provides helpful and evidence-based treatment recommendations when providing induction therapy, consolidation therapy, and bone marrow transplantation.

This book is a practical guide to the management of patients with breast malignancies and related non-neoplastic lesions. It focuses on the application of conventional and novel treatment strategies to the care of patients with nonmalignant breast disease and all stages of breast cancer. The book is organized chronologically, from screening, through diagnosis and management, to survivorship care and related medical issues. The bulk of these chapters provide evidence-based treatment strategies for all patient subsets, including how to manage patients with high risk breast lesions, invasive breast carcinoma at each stage, and with all known molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Surgical, radiation, and medical treatment options are all discussed for each stage of breast cancer including treatment approaches in pregnancy and for high risk lesions and Phyllodes. The book is a comprehensive yet concise resource for residents, fellows, and early-career practitioners. Community oncologists, breast surgeons, radiation oncologists, primary care practitioners, and OBGYNs will also find its concise review of new research and procedures to be very useful in this dynamic field of medicine.

Melanoma is the sixth most common invasive cancer in the United States. The Melanoma Handbook is a concise and comprehensive resource for anyone who treats patients with local, advanced, or metastatic melanoma in all its various forms. Epidemiologic studies have helped define genetic and environmental risk factors that may contribute to the development of melanoma. The book highlights the incidence, patient demographics, and mortality rates of melanoma and reviews the environmental and genetic risk factors. The recommendation practices for screening pigmented lesions are then summarized. The book covers the pathology, treatment, and management of all presentations of melanoma, including essential clinical knowledge on staging and workup considerations. The content emphasizes both overall treatment guidelines and more nuanced applications for patient groups who have different presentations, metastases, or other complications to treatment. Each chapter summarizes important concepts and features illustrative figures that arm practitioners with visual guidance to diagnosis, treatment, and management for all subtypes and stages of melanoma. The book covers the surgical management of lentigo melanoma, invasive melanoma, mucosal melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, sentinel lymph node biopsies, lymph node metastases, and distant organ metastases. Tables throughout the handbook consolidate helpful classification and staging information, survival data, FDA-approved treatment regimens, and toxicity risk.

Modern-day research has tapped into a deeper and more complex understanding of cytokine- and cell-based regeneration theory that translates well into the clinical paradigm of regenerative medicine. Regenerative medicine is fundamentally a modern-day method of enhancing the human capabilities of healing. Today’s standard treatment options in orthopedics and sports medicine are being replaced by regenerative medicine interventions. This book presents nonsurgical treatment options offering a new paradigm that enhances the natural healing of injuries and degenerative pathologies such as meniscal and rotator cuff tears. It is intended as a working reference for practitioners, offering a concise, evidence-based rationale for regenerative medicine in the world of sports medicine. The book is divided into fourteen chapters. The first chapter focuses on current concepts in the pathophysiology of orthopedic conditions affecting treatment. The second chapter introduces the reader to common terminology used in regenerative medicine. The third chapter deals with regulatory issues regarding the clinical use of regenerative treatments. Chapter 4 discusses the clinical and administrative considerations in performing regenerative procedures. Chapter 5 explores regenerative medicine in the canine. Chapters 6 and 7 present the principles of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and stem cells, and scientific evidence of PRP for orthopedic conditions. Chapter 8 reviews the application of PRP to enhance the outcomes of various orthopedic surgical procedures. Chapter 9 review several emerging areas in regenerative medicine for orthopedic conditions: amniotic and umbilical cord products, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein, and alpha-2 macro-globulin. Chapter 10 describes the setup and procedures for performing PRP injections. Chapter 11 presents the basic science and rationale for using stem cells for orthopedic conditions. Chapters 12 and 13 describe harvesting techniques of bone marrow and adipose for stem cell procedures, and techniques for performing regenerative procedures for orthopedic conditions. The final chapter presents physical therapy considerations following regenerative medicine interventions.

Image-guided interventions for pain management have evolved since being performed with palpation guidance. The utilization of fluoroscopic guided interventions for pain management has emerged in treating painful spinal conditions. During residency or fellowship, the trainee often has limited experience in standard of care and broad interventional pain management techniques. The goal of this book is to provide a rapid and accurate reference for interventional pain management physicians, allow dynamic teaching of interventional procedures, and understanding and visualizing interventional techniques for commonly performed interventional pain management procedures. It also describes etiology, physical examination techniques, and treatment plans of common painful conditions treated by an interventional pain management physician. The book consists of 9 chapters. The first chapter discusses the anatomy of spine and spinal cord for pain procedures. The second chapter provides an overview of C-arm and covers radiation safety, biologic effects of x-rays, radiographic contrast agents, needle anatomy and techniques of C-arm. The third chapter discusses pharmacotherapy in pain management. The fourth, fifth and sixth chapter describes disorders and commonly performed procedures of cervical spine, thoracic spine and lumbar spine. The seventh chapter discusses sympathetic blocks such as stellate ganglion block, celiac plexus block, lumbar sympathetic block, superior hypogastric block, ganglion impar block, and complex regional pain syndrome. The eighth chapter describes the mechanism of action, indications, screening, equipment, procedure planning, trial technique, and complications of spinal cord stimulation. It also presents current companies offering spinal cord stimulation. The final chapter lists common pain diagnosis and ICD codes.

This book provides an up-to-date practical clinical guide to evidence-based stroke recovery and rehabilitation built on a foundation of basic neurophysiology, neuroscience, and psychological science. It provides in-depth information on the assessment and management of all acute and long-term stroke-related impairments and complications including cognitive dysfunctions, musculoskeletal pain, and psychological issues. The book examines risk factors, epidemiology, prevention, and neurophysiology as well as complementary and alternative therapies, functional assessments, care systems, ethical issues, and community and psychosocial reintegration. It features expanded coverage of key issues such as the role of robotics and virtual reality in rehabilitation. Chapters have been incorporated to cover fields of recent exploration including transcranial magnetic stimulation, biomarkers, and genetics of recovery as well as essentials like the use of medication and the survivor’s perspective. The up-to-date presentation of scientific underpinnings and multi-specialty clinical perspectives from physical medicine and rehabilitation, neurology, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech and language pathology, and nursing ensures that the book will continue to serve as an invaluable reference for every health care professional working to restore function and help stroke survivors achieve their maximum potential.

This book establishes a standard in practice, education, and training with the introduction of a coordinated competency-based approach to shape the future of physiatric patient care. It is divided into two parts. In Part I, foundations for the core competencies are provided with some basic principles for application toward competency-centric practice entwined with professional education strategies. Part II focuses on the major physiatric areas of practice with information specific to each area organized in the context of the six Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)/American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) core competencies and quality metrics. Each practice chapter includes goals and objectives for the six competencies, a case study with open-ended discussion questions, and self-examination questions and answers for self-assessment. The physiatric areas of practice covered in the second part include extremity limb loss and amputation, cardiopulmonary and cancer rehabilitation, stroke, traumatic brain injuries, spinal cord injury, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis, neuromuscular and musculoskeletal diseases, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and lumbar spine disorders. In addition, pediatric traumatic brain injury and juvenile idiopathic arthritis are also discussed. The book can be used independently to build essential skills for patient-centered care or as part of a physical medicine and rehabilitation resident training curriculum as a useful adjunct during clinical rotations.

Genitourinary malignancies represent a wide spectrum of risk and prognosis. This handbook aims to provide a broad overview and current summary of the state of assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of genitourinary malignancies. It is useful for clinicians at multiple stages in medical and surgical specialties: in training, early in a career, and looking for updated information. With the ability to reference quickly for a specific question, or review a larger section all at once, the reader can customize the depth with which he or she uses the handbook. The book is divided into two sections: prostate cancer and genitourinary malignancies. The first section is further divided into two sub-sections: early stage prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer. Screening and management of early stage prostate cancer are included here. Treatment of metastatic cancer, and bone health and the use of adjunctive agents are covered in the second sub-section. Intermittent androgen ablation, therapy complications, controversies in management of the cancer, and the challenges faced by survivors form a part of the two sub-sections. Under genitourinary malignancies, kidney cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer, bladder cancer, testicular cancer, and penile cancer are covered. As earlier, controversies in management and survivorship issues are also covered for the various types of malignancies.

The use of high frequency ultrasound as an imaging modality for the musculoskeletal system has expanded dramatically in the past decade. Despite its growth, standardized training for use of this modality is not yet available in the majority of residency training programs. This book illustrates and teaches the basic components of many of the skills and knowledge needed to begin incorporating the use of ultrasound in a musculoskeletal practice. The goal is provide a simplified approach for those getting started in musculoskeletal ultrasound. This includes developing understanding in use of the controls and function of the ultrasound machine, commonly used terminology, obtaining and optimizing the image, and proper scanning technique and the ergonomics involved. The book is also designed to instruct in the recognition of the appearance of various musculoskeletal tissue, commonly seen artifacts, foreign bodies and masses, and understanding basics of interventional ultrasound. It also provides an understanding of the basic physics used in ultrasound. Principles of further advancement of skills and initiating a practice are discussed. Doppler imaging helps to identify certain vascular structures, gives an indication of vascular flow, and can also be used to assess for increased vascularity in pathologic conditions. Separate chapters cover imaging of tendons, muscles, and nerves. Ultrasound allows visualization of both the needle and soft tissue target in real time. This improves accuracy of needle placement for both injection and aspiration procedures.

This book is designed to assist and guide healthcare professionals in prescribing home exercise programs in an efficient and easy to follow format. With patient handouts that are comprehensive and customizable, this manual is intended for the busy practitioner in any medical specialty who prescribes exercise for musculoskeletal injuries and conditions.

The most central aspect of any therapeutic exercise program is the patient’s ability to perform the exercises effectively and routinely at home. This book is organized by major body regions from neck to foot and covers the breadth of home exercises for problems in each area based on the current literature. Each chapter begins with a brief introduction to the rehabilitation issues surrounding the types of injuries that can occur and general exercise objectives with desired outcomes, followed by a concise review of the specific conditions and a list of recommended exercises. The remainder of the chapter is a visual presentation of the exercises with high-quality photographs and step-by-step instructions for performing them accurately. The most fundamental exercises to the rehabilitation of each specific region are presented first as the essential building blocks, followed then by condition-specific exercises that advance throughout the chapter. Using this section, the healthcare practitioner can provide patients with handouts that require little to no explanation and can customize the program and modify instructions to fit individual patient needs and abilities—with confidence the handouts will be a valuable tool to help patients recover successfully from musculoskeletal and sports injuries.

This book begins with several chapters on the background and efficacy of palliative radiation therapy (RT), along with crucial information on patient selection and assessment of life expectancy. Following these introductory chapters, the bulk of the book contains chapters on site-specific malignancies, containing comprehensive literature reviews, treatment plans, toxicity information, and symptom management. Life expectancy estimates for advanced cancer patients are necessary considerations in the fields of oncology and palliative care. To address the heterogeneity in patients with advanced cancers, numerous groups have proposed different multivariable life expectancy models using combinations of known tumor factors, patient factors, and laboratory tests. The most common indications for palliative RT include painful bone metastases, spinal cord compression, and brain metastases with the goals of symptom relief and/or local control. Radiation oncologists have long understood the potential benefit of RT in palliating the distressing symptoms of advanced abdominal and pelvic cancers. For abdominal malignancies, bony landmarks are less reliable for treatment planning, as compared to pelvic malignancies. The book discusses some case scenarios to illustrate the role of palliative RT in the treatment of bladder cancer, vaginal bleeding, rectal cancer, vulvar cancer, and liver metastasis.

This “Handbook of Geriatric Oncology” arrives at an optimal time for the practicing physician, as the number of older adults with cancer is on a steep rise globally. Care of the older patient with cancer is now the “bread and butter” of not only oncologists and geriatricians, but also primary care providers, subspecialists, and members of the multidisciplinary team. The book weaves together the best practices from geriatrics and oncology in order to optimize the care of older adults with cancer. First, this Handbook describes how to assess the older adult and gain a better understanding of the patient’s “functional age” rather than just the chronological age. Second, it provides insight into these patients’ unique areas of physiologic, functional, and social vulnerability, and suggests interventions to help the patient. Third, this Handbook summarizes cutting-edge data that inform best practices in the care of older adults with cancer. Last, and most important, this Handbook suggests how to communicate these findings to a patient. This book is divided into nine sections. The first section gives an overview of Geriatric Oncology. The second section describes Geriatric Syndromes. The third section deals with Geriatric Assessment. The fourth section focuses on Select cancers in the elderly. The fifth section talks about Communication with the older cancer patient. The next three sections review the Nursing home patient with cancer, Models of care: Survivorship and Palliative Care. The final section is an overview of Integrative Medicine. This integration of knowledge and skill sets results in a collaborative informed decision that is in line with the patient’s goals and preferences, maximizing the benefits and minimizing the risks of cancer therapy.

This book covers the most advanced practices and techniques in early differential diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of cortical dementias, and is intended to advance clinical skills of professionals and trainees alike. It focuses on cortical dementias as opposed to also discussing subcortical dementias. The book discusses the foundations of neuropsychology in the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of cortical dementias. Individual dementing processes are discussed in detail, from traditional presentations such as Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy body dementia to less commonly discussed entities such as primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Advances in neuroimaging and the utilization of biomarkers in early detection are discussed. Additional chapters are dedicated to related topics including the role of caregivers and determination of capacity. The book is divided into three sections. Section I describes the neuropsychological, neuroanatomical, and neurophysiological features of several of the more common cortical dementias, provides a brief guide to the main brain imaging techniques and a quick look at future directions in neuroimaging, and presents an overview of the differential diagnostics techniques such as Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR). Section II covers the types of cortical dementias such as vascular dementias, dysexecutive impairment associated with vascular dementias, neurophysiological disturbances and frontotemporal dementia. The third section talks about interventions, pharmacological interventions including galantamine and memantine, non-pharmacological cognitive, the role played by caregivers, comorbidities, and some legal and ethical considerations.

This book reviews the body of knowledge and practice standards that define the specialty of correctional nursing. The text also describes the health care needs of the youth, men, and women who are incarcerated in jails, prisons, and detention centers. The book supports correctional nurses by providing guidance and resources about the best practices to deliver nursing care that reduces suffering and improves the quality of life for incarcerated individuals, their families, and the community at large. The book is divided into four parts. Part I presents an overview of correctional nursing with chapters covering the ethical principles and legal considerations involved, and safety aspects of the nurse and the patient. The nurse-patient relationship is imposed on both the inmate and the nurse by the governmental entity that is responsible for providing the medical service. The second part talks about the health concerns and diseases of the inmates. These include discussions on alcohol and drug withdrawal, chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension, arthritis, dental conditions, end-of-life care, women’s and juveniles’ health care, infectious diseases, mental health and pain management. Part III deals with the nursing care process with presentations on health screening, sick call and emergency care. The last part of the book discusses the professional roles and responsibilities on the nurses in correction centers. One of the chapters in this section discusses research participation and evidence-based practice.

This book helps students to learn about fundamental brain functioning and to apply the information with various clinical populations with whom they may help to serve. It also helps the professor to advance beyond the typical mindset of teaching only the basics in brain functioning. The book is divided into two sections. In Section I of the book, a foundational framework of neuroscience is provided, including important historical events, patients, and neuroscientists as well as an explanation of all the different techniques used in understanding human behavior. The first part of the text also focuses on core foundations of brain functioning, with an emphasis on the important neural systems often found dysregulated in psychopathology. Clinical techniques such as electrophysiology recordings, neuroimaging techniques, MRI scans are also discussed. The second section of the text explores many areas of psychopathology from a behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological perspective before describing typical effective strategies used to treat the various disorders. The various disorders that are covered in this section include childhood disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, mood disorders including bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, the three types of eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating, sleep disorders such as parasomnia and insomnia, substance disorders, and personality disorders including antisocial personality disorder and borderline personality disorder.

This book provides a comprehensive survey of the range of issues to nurses and those interested in nursing’s contribution to the field of global health. The underlying assertion of the book is that global health encompasses the health problems of both rich and poor countries and implies a shared responsibility for achieving health and eradicating inequities. It takes into account the social, political, cultural, economic, and environmental factors including climate change that may impact health. The book is divided into three units. Unit I offers an overview of the foundations of global health and include the emerging concept of climate justice and its relationship to climate change and environmental health consequences. Additional tenets such as analysis of the distinctions that relate to public health, international health, and global health and the ethical context of global health, human rights, and social justice are explored. Unit II highlights issues of global health and the effects on the most poor and vulnerable worldwide particularly women, children, and those living in areas of conflict. In underdeveloped countries, safe water access is one of the most obvious determinants of the health of individuals and populations. Negative health effects related to violence within the scope of their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and forced participation in sex trafficking as well as maternal mortality and childhood malnutrition are also examined. While much work toward achieving global health is underway and there have been notable accomplishments, Unit III addresses areas where efforts must be redoubled to achieve success. These areas include challenges of international nurse migration, nursing leadership in inter-professional education, importance of continuing education, and working globally with faith-based organizations.

Sports medicine practitioners' primary responsibility is to provide optimal medical care for athletes on and off the field. The care continuum for the athlete includes injury/illness prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and return to sport. Prompt evaluation of an injured athlete on the field can expedite the diagnostic process, management, rehabilitation, and return to sport, frequently the most important outcome measure. The understanding of basic concepts related to sports coverage will help the practitioner provide high level care. This handbook provides a unified resource that covers the knowledge gaps that may be present when providing sports coverage. It is divided into several sections. The Introductory section covers common topics that apply to all sports medicine practitioners providing sideline or event coverage independent of level of experience. For example: the role of the team medical provider; what to have in the medical bag; factors to consider when traveling with a team; medicolegal issues specific to the medical team member; how to assess and manage common medical emergencies; nutrition and hydration recommendations for pre-, during, and post-training or competition; preparticipation physicals; general concepts of adaptive sports; and lastly, general concepts of doping in sports. The further sections dive into sport-specific coverage divided by contact, limited-contact, or no-ncontact sport classification. The book also covers summer and winter Olympic sports and other popular sports that are practiced worldwide. It provides information on the history, participants, rules and regulations, equipment needed and/or required, medical coverage logistics, emergencies, medical bag essentials, epidemiology, and a brief discussion of common injuries for each individual sport. The book will serve as an excellent resource for physicians in training or seasoned veterans from all specialties, athletic trainers, physical therapists, and any other healthcare providers who want to provide on-field, sideline, or event sports coverage.

This book provides a framework to assist nurses in achieving this ethical competence. James Rest’s four-component model (FCM) integrates the cognitive and affective processes that form an understanding of ethical nursing practice: sensitivity, judgment, motivation, and action. Beginning with a brief overview of ethical theories and principles and building on the experiences of readers who are practicing nurses, each chapter includes one or more evolving case scenarios. Questions posed with each case scenario encourage ethical sensitivity, awareness of personal values, and use of a decision-making model that integrates elements of virtue and care ethics. Recognizing the challenges that arise when attempting to implement a justifiable decision, strategies to maintain ethical motivation, or moral courage, are also presented. Skills to enhance the nurse’s actions in everyday ethical practice with patients, family members, and peers, such as protecting autonomy, promoting safety, and speaking out against lateral violence, are discussed. The two main forms of clinical ethics in a hospital are: ethics committees and ethics consultation services. As the nurse is obligated to maintain and improve the moral environment, several chapters discuss the competencies needed to recognize and address organizational and societal issues. The three ethical issues arising for clinical nurses in the provision of person-and family-centered care (PFCC) are: ensuring that the patient’s voice has primacy over that of the nurse; honoring the choices of the patient even when they conflict with those of the nurse; and engaging with family as the patient directs.

Head and neck cancers are challenging diseases that require complex management and exemplify the value of collaboration among multiple specialties. Very appropriately, the Editors are representatives of each of the three major treatment modalities. The genesis of this work was driven by recognition that, despite evolution in various approaches and new emerging data, high quality clinical care is optimal when there is mutual respect of each other’s discipline, and when each patient has a treatment recommendation made by multidisciplinary input. When discussing the need for a new textbook the authors recognized and agreed that critical developments have been transforming the field of head and neck oncology. Indeed, in the past few years there have been significant advances in our understanding of the molecular biology, immune evasion, and genetic landscape of head and neck cancers, as well as the multidisciplinary management of these malignancies, including immunotherapy, targeted therapies, precision radiation therapy, robotic surgery, and supportive care capabilities. With the rising epidemic of human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal cancer, customizing treatment is of utmost importance, in particular taking into consideration long-term treatment effects. This book captures key advances and aims to become a quick and handy reference tool for head and neck cancer management issues, and features didactic patient cases in each site-specific management chapter. The authors anticipate that physicians involved in the care of these patients will find the material relevant to their clinical practice. Evidence-based approaches are emphasized throughout the textbook. The book consists of four sections. The first section discusses epidemiology, biology, diagnosis, and staging. The second section deals with established and emerging treatment modalities of head and neck cancers. The third section discusses site-specific management. The fourth section deals with recurrent or metastatic disease and the last section discusses supportive care and special patient groups.

This book is a novel and valuable resource for both neurologists and generalists. It is intended for medical students, mid-level practitioners, residents, and fellows in neuromuscular medicine. Chapters of the book are divided into global presentations that should be familiar to neurologists and other healthcare providers. It provides guidance well beyond the spectrum of neuromuscular disorders. Signs, for instance, are examined from the perspective of both central and peripheral nervous system causes, with etiologies succinctly outlined for quick review by the provider. Clinical pearls are offered to refine both history-taking and examination skills. Key features of neuromuscular disorders that present with the symptoms and signs discussed earlier in each chapter are summarized in tables, at times with guidance on laboratory testing to help narrow the differential diagnosis. Finally, there are brief overviews of treatment and management. The book is divided into nine chapters. The first chapter is devoted to interpretation of diagnostic testing used in neuromuscular disorders. The next three chapters discuss acute generalized weakness, subacutely developing weakness, and chronically developing weakness. The fifth chapter presents the different ways that episodic weakness and exercise intolerance might manifest, as well as which findings on the physical, electro diagnostic, and other assessments can point to different etiologies. The sixth chapter discusses the symptoms and signs of ocular and bulbar muscle weakness in the context of disorders of the peripheral nervous system. The seventh chapter covers the presenting complaints and physical examination findings in patients with neuromuscular respiratory failure as well as diagnostic studies commonly used in the workup of such patients. The penultimate chapter concentrates on sensory loss and neuropathic pain. The final chapter addresses limb pain, a common complaint evaluated by neurologists.

This book provides a practical and concise text for electromyography (EMG) rotations and is a great companion to the larger reference texts that successful electrodiagnosticians also need. It provides more of the practical information on EMGs that made the first edition so successful. In addition, it includes pictures, text, clinical pearls, questions, and tables and provided novel chapters such as the use of ultrasound in electrodiagnostics. These chapters are written by some of the foremost and experienced authorities in the field. This book includes 35 chapters. These chapters are organized into six sections. Section I consists of Chapters 1–3. It provides introduction to electrodiagnosis, instrumentation and systematic approach to learning and performing nerve conduction studies. Section II consists of Chapters 4–9. It discusses motor and sensory studies of upper limb and lower limb. Section II also discusses the F-waves and H-reflexes. Section III consists of Chapters 10–13. It provides basic approach to EMG technique and waveform recognition. Section III also describes motor unit action potential analysis and recruitment. Section IV consists of Chapters 14–17. It discusses orthodromic and antidromic nerve conduction studies; temporal dispersion and phase cancellation; interpreting studies; and common anomalies. Section V consists of Chapters 18–33. It discusses carpal tunnel syndrome; neuropathy of ulnar and radial; anterior interosseous nerve lesion; fibular and tibial neuropathy; lumbosacral and cervical radiculopathy; facial nerve and blink studies; repetitive stimulation and neuromuscular junction disorders; peripheral neuropathy; brachial plexopathy; motor neuron disease; myopathy; and the use of ultrasound with electrodiagnosis. Section VI includes Chapters 34 and 35 which include study checklists and the answers to the multiple choice questions located within the chapters.

Based on candid interviews with 35 military nurses who were deployed for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, this book reveals the stresses and moral dilemmas they experienced as they transitioned back into everyday life. The book provides the historical background of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan commenced the extensive use of the U.S. Army’s forward surgical teams (FSTs) to support military operations in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. The nurses share their difficulties with family separation, clinical reassignments, post-traumatic stress disorder, the perceived stigma of seeking mental health counseling, and compassion fatigue. Nurses commented on petty complaints and trivial whining, and a general sense of inflexibility and occasional rudeness on the part of others. Interviewees describe in vivid detail their homecoming which was a positive experience for some and a disappointing venture for others, family adjustments, renegotiation of spousal and parenting roles, domestic and workplace challenges, and many other dilemmas posed by the reintegration process. They provide insights and thoughtful recommendations for changes to current military debriefing to improve the experiences of future wartime nurses. The book also examines the differences between active duty services and reserve unit services, issues of substance abuse, the Veterans Administration, the burden of multiple deployments, and other common threads among nurses who served in Iraq and Afghanistan.

This book attempts to correct the dearth of nursing-relevant information about religions. The information in the book can help nurses to avoid being negligent to patients whose religiosity overtly and covertly influences their responses to health-related challenges and transitions. The book redresses the damage done by the prevailing discourse in the nursing literature that disparages religion in favor of a generic spirituality. It is divided into two parts. Part I discusses religion and nursing care, and explores the need for nurses to offer religious “interventions” at the bedside, provides information about how to talk with patients about religion and information about how to assess religiosity, addresses how nurses can support overt rituals, and offers legal and ethical perspectives in integrating this information in clinical care. The last chapter in this section reflects on the impact of a nurse’s religiosity on nursing practice. Several federal laws and most states have “conscience clauses”, which allow a nurse to refuse to participate for religious reasons in an abortion, sterilization, and often other procedures. Section II is the focal point of the book since it features contributions from 22 religionists who are not only experts about a faith tradition but also adherents of it. The religious groups covered in this section include Anabaptist-descended groups, Anglicans and Episcopalians, Baptists, Christian scientists, Latter-Day Saints, Lutherans and Methodists, Orthodox Christians, Pentecostals, Roman Catholics, Jehovah’s witnesses, Buddhists, Hindus, Jews, Muslims, Sikhs and atheists.

The goal of the electromyographer is to localize lesions and to characterize them. In order to accomplish these goals, a minimum core of knowledge in neuroscience is required. This book discusses that core of neuroscientific knowledge as a stepping stone to lesion localization and characterization. Following this, it demonstrates how this information is actually utilized in the electromyography (EMG) laboratory using a case study approach. Although several excellent EMG case study-based textbooks are available, the book is unique in that it offers a step-by-step analysis of the nerve conduction studies (NCS) and needle EMG studies as they are collected, including a discussion of the initial studies required based on the presenting clinical features, an interpretation of those initial studies, and the indications for subsequent studies based on that interpretation. This step-by-step analysis continues until the lesion has been fully localized and characterized. The book is extensive and explains the important principles and concepts underlying electrodiagnosis (EDX) medicine. It reviews the anatomy and physiology of the peripheral neuromuscular system, basic principles of NCS, specific concepts pertinent to each type of NCS (motor, sensory, and mixed NCS, as well as repetitive nerve stimulation studies), and the basic principles of needle EMG. Following this, it discusses the NCS and needle EMG measurements made, their meaning, and the EDX manifestations of the various neuromuscular disorders. It also includes a discussion of the various types of nerve injuries and a review of reinnervation. It focuses on lesion localization and the characterization of the lesion, including its pathology, pathophysiology, severity, and temporal features. The book demonstrates the application of the principles and concepts through 60 EDX case studies collected from the authors' EMG laboratories using a step-by-step analysis format.

This narrative-based book is the first to describe Human Caring Literacy from the perspective of caring scientists who “live the life” by incorporating the precepts of human caring into every aspect of their personal and professional lives. It describes the methods that help practitioners develop mindfulness, reflection, authentic presence, intentionality, and a caring consciousness in the service of providing authentic, heart-centered care for patients, their families, and societies. Critical Caritas Literacy ultimately is an ontology of being/becoming that comes from within the subjective inner lifeworld of each person, morally aroused for reflective and contemplative self-growth, self-caring experiences that contribute to the whole of humanity. Having a high level of Caritas Literacy allows one to quickly form deep, trusting relationships, often within the first hour of meeting. There is a professional requirement for nurses to achieve competence in the delivery of spiritual care and to assess and meet the spiritual needs of their patients. Culturally competent care can relieve medical and social ills, poor cultural competency reproduces stereotypes and may lead to further microlevel conflict. Structurally, health care settings can facilitate nurse’s dual role as conflict mitigator by caring for nurses, providing burnout prevention, providing self-care rooms and staff support, and offering frequent debriefing with the aid of holistic healers, chaplains, and social workers.

This book introduces the rich history accompanying the formation of birth centers in the United States and internationally. As you read the stories told by the midwives who founded this movement, sit back, take some time, and imagine the passion and vision of the early proponents of the freestanding birth center model. Most of these women are still alive, a few in their 80s and 90s, but they continue to actively promote and expose newcomers to the model they created with the support of many others. Many important health care issues are addressed in the book. Health system structure and function, innovation, the triple aim, policy, quality, and education all impact the expansion of the community-based birth center model. Birth centers are making a difference locally in the communities in which they are built, as well as nationally as the spotlight shines on models of care demonstrating improved outcomes. In passages that are woven throughout the book, the reader is introduced to “exemplar birth centers”. These centers stand out as shining examples of integration into health systems, different providers working together, enhanced services, the franchise model, and innovative educational opportunities. Finally, the book brings the history and current status of birth center knowledge into the future by introducing readers to the possibility of starting a birth center of their own.

Nursing disciplinary focus is the relationship of caring within a mutual human-environment health experience for healing and well-being. Complexity sciences and nursing science have the power to promote a deeper understanding of human beings as they evolve with the environment. This book focuses on both caring science and complexity sciences within the realm of nursing science, practice, and health care organizations. Organizational cultures deal with values and beliefs about what they are there for, products they may produce, how they govern and manage, how they use technology, and how they deal with human relationships. There are chapters focused on complexity sciences, highlighting, for example, entropy, methods, organizational paradoxes, and conflict relationships from more theoretical, quantitative, and/or mathematical research approaches. A chapter focused on the disease process of diabetes that shows the complexity of diabetes from the cellular to policy levels. Other chapters are focused on theoretical and qualitative research methods or newer research methods capturing the science of complexity, such as the comparing and contrasting of complexity sciences and the science of unitary human beings (SUHB), complex caring dynamics, and story theory and method. There are chapters related to leadership, caring in complex health care organizations, and nursing education that address both complexity and caring sciences. Finally, the book contains chapters that challenge our ethical thinking with informatics applications in practice, and the future of nursing and caring within the realm of the human-humanoid relationship. Each chapter has response that highlights what the particular chapter means to nursing education, research, leadership, administration, and practice.

The book is designed primarily for graduate students in nursing, especially those in advanced practice nursing programs at the master’s and doctoral (DNP) programs who are engaged in clarifying the process of advanced nursing practice, and those in PhD programs who are interested in addressing epistemic questions related to nursing practice as generic subject matter. The conceptualization of client from the nursing perspective is discussed, as the client is the central figure in nursing practice. Detailed descriptions and comprehensive expositions regarding the structures of perspective, knowledge, philosophy, dimension, and process of the model of nursing practice are presented in the book. The book identifies, describes, and examines the essential general tools of practice specific to nursing, which are required for and applied in nursing practice. These are behavioral and cognitive repertoires that are applicable to various sorts of nursing practice situations, and that have nursing-specific utility, meaning, and application. The book addresses the concept of collaborative practice in terms of intra-, inter-, and cross-agency collaboration in the context of person-centered practice. Knowledge application in practice is examined applying a model of knowledge application in nursing practice. The concept of knowledge-based practice is discussed vis-à-vis evidence-based practice, and critical reflective inquiry as a generative mode of development in practice is presented. The book also deals with excellence in practice and the meaning of good practice in relation to the concept of quality of practice.

This book provides the reader a unique opportunity to learn the complex anatomy of the human brain in the context of multiple different neuroimaging modalities. In medical school, human brain anatomy is first taught through dissection labs and lectures. The book presents the color enhanced medical illustrations and virtually all of the cutting edge imaging modalities currently used to visualize the human brain. This includes standard computed tomography (CT), including multiplanar reformatted CT images and 3D volume rendered CT imaging, standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, diffusion tensor MR imaging (DTI), MR spectroscopy (MRS), functional MRI (fMRI), vascular imaging using magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), CT angiography (CTA), conventional 2D catheter angiography, 3D rotational catheter angiography, and ultrasound of the neonatal brain. The book considers cadaver dissections with the brain removed from the cranial vault with preservation of the cisternal segments of the CN and their relationships to the dural surfaces and skull base foramina. The original cross-sectional images from the MRI were loaded into the scene as background references to ensure accuracy at every step. The cortical surface model was adjusted and refined, the skull model was modified to fit the MRI derived brain, and models of the midbrain and cerebellum were painstakingly handsculpted. The cranial nerve illustrations were derived from the hand-sculpted models using Boolean operators to segment the midbrain into slices at multiple levels. The cranial nerve nuclei were then modeled and placed into their appropriate locations after comparison with microscopic atlases. The book demonstrates targeted, focused imaging of a variety of interesting, and important anatomic sites that are of particular clinical relevance. Sites of illustrated anatomy includes pituitary gland, orbits, liliequist’s membrane, hippocampal formation, H-shaped orbital frontal sulci, insular anatomy, subthalamic nucleus, subcallosal region, internal auditory canals (IAC) and virchow-robin spaces.

This book is meant to be a companion book to nursing textbooks that provide philosophical and theoretical elements of rural nursing and rural health care in America from the early 20th Century. It provides supplementary reading through historical case studies, demonstrating how characteristics that define rural nursing today have their roots in history. Chapter 1 recounts the inception and development of the Red Cross Town and Country nursing service, identifies the importance of community participation, and highlights the unique work of the rural public health nurse. The situation in rural Wisconsin between 1915 and 1940 is examined in Chapter 2, which provides historical documentation of the fits and starts of early rural public health systems and how nurses managed to provide access to care within them. The third chapter describes and analyzes the nurse’s role in providing care to rural school children in the Commonwealth of Virginia during the first 30 years of the 20th century, and reveals the importance of ‘place’ in the development of school nursing programs. Establishing trust with the local community was essential to rural nursing, and this is explained in the fourth chapter by describing describes how the nurses accomplished that feat with poor Whites and Blacks in the southern cotton mill villages, using the Schoolfield company town as a case study. Other chapters discuss the health care needs of the West Virginia coal miners, the establishment of Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) in remote mountain regions, and the role of migrant nurses during the Great Depression. The final two chapters of the book discuss nursing in West Texas and for the rural Navajo population.

Bone and soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous collection of over 170 distinct clinical entities. The prevalence of next-generation sequencing has accelerated the molecular classification and discovery of several new sarcoma entities and led to treatment paradigms. Sarcoma clinicians are applying the tools of precision medicine to identify driver mutations and select novel medications or agents in clinical trial. The landscape of sarcoma diagnosis and management is rapidly evolving with the advent of new diagnostic tools, precision medicine, immunotherapy, and cell-based therapies. The book’s content is structured by the most common sarcoma histologic subtypes as well as by general concepts. As sarcoma diagnosis and management requires an experienced multidisciplinary team, the book also includes overview chapters from each of the medical disciplines involved in the care of sarcoma patients. Importantly, each author was chosen based on his or her expertise specific to the content of the chapter. Each histologic subtype chapter includes a case-based study in which the reader is able to follow the diagnostic and treatment thought processes as the author illustrates their management of a complex medical situation. These cases illustrate commonly encountered situations in busy sarcoma clinics and allow the reader to apply the skills learned from the preceding chapter in understanding the author’s diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Significantly, the exceptional and novel digital version of this handbook allows rapid access to chapters or information through keyword searches at any time by computer, tablet, or smartphone. The editors design this handbook to facilitate management of sarcoma patients in an era of rapidly evolving sarcoma diagnoses and novel therapeutic approaches.

Clostridium Botulinum is a spore-forming gram-positive rod that is commonly found in soil and water. It produces a toxin called botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) which is one of the most potent toxins known to mankind. Christian Andreas Justinus Kerner published the first case of botulism in 1817 and called it “sausage poison”. He noted that it paralyzed the skeletal muscle function and the parasympathetic nervous system and proposed its use as a therapeutic agent in neurological diseases characterized by involuntary movements. This book is intended to be used as a quick and accessible reference for injectors during the course of their clinical practice. As practitioners of chemodenervation themselves, the authors have been looking for an up-to-date, uniform resource in a convenient format which is ultimately what lead them to writing this pocketbook. The inclusion of visual and textual information for executing injection localization and suggested dosing for the four commercially-available toxins makes this book a unique, one-stop resource. The author’s goal is that both novice and experienced injectors may use this pocketbook as a practical and evidence-based tool in the course of planning and executing injections As educators, this book will serve as a visual adjunct to bedside teaching. The authors of this book are all directly involved in educating medical trainees in the evaluation and management of spasticity. Despite a robust spasticity curriculum and hands-on experience, we still felt a need for a physical resource to help residents and fellows during the course of their training and as they started their careers. For novice injectors and medical trainees, performing botulinum toxin injections can seem daunting. The authors hope is, that with the use of this book, knowledge can be consolidated into an accessible format, allowing providers to reinforce and sharpen previously learned skills.

This textbook is centered on informing students enrolled in doctoral and advanced master's degree programs about (a) the foundations of behavioral science research, (b) the nuances and procedures associated with the major research traditions, (c) the philosophical integration that sits behind each research methodology, (d) instructions on how to increase the rigor of each approach to research, and (e) the integration of multicultural and social justice principles into scholarly pursuits. Each chapter that emphasizes a research tradition concludes with an applied case study that puts the tradition into action. Through providing clear and in-depth blueprints for how to use distinct research methodology and methods, the book provides both an in-depth and pragmatic understanding of the standards and procedures for specific research traditions. After reading this textbook, students will increase their research self-efficacy; enhance their ability to accurately match their research interests with the appropriate tradition; increase their understanding of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods standards of rigor; and build a foundation for an emerging research identity. This work offers chapters dedicated to topics and traditions that are often not included in behavioral science research-based textbooks. There are entire chapters that are dedicated to history and philosophy of social science research, various forms of content analysis designs, consensual qualitative research, and three chapters that review six separate mixed methods research traditions. The intended audience for this textbook is doctoral and advanced master's degree programs in the behavioral sciences. While the target audience of this book is doctoral level counselor education programs, it has a secondary audience of doctoral-level social work, psychology, and marriage and family therapy programs. A third audience includes master's level counseling, social work, psychology, and marriage and family therapy programs with a strong research emphasis.

The purpose of this book is to offer nurses, physicians, and other staff a primer on family-centered care of the newborn. It addresses the theme of family-centered care of the newborn and how to establish partnerships with the family prenatally and postnatally, as well as delineates best practices to improve both the quality of newborn care and family support. The book is based on four guiding principles that include treating people with dignity and respect, providing information in ways that are useful and affirming, welcoming family participation in care and decision-making at a level chosen by the family, and collaborating with families at the bedside and beyond. To participate effectively in shared information and decision-making with parents, people must improve their ability to communicate. Communication skills in these situations are as important as technical skills and clinical competence. The book offers strategies to promote implementation of a family-centered environment in the delivery room or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), practical approaches to communicating with families before and after delivery, and tips on policy review to facilitate a culture of family-centered care. It also discusses how to welcome families during interdisciplinary rounds and nurse hand-offs, and ways to support families during procedures and resuscitation.

This book provides the experienced clinician and the novice the information needed to provide outstanding clinical care to the person who has limb loss. It addresses the needs of a wide range of clinicians and trainees, including physicians, prosthetists, and therapists. The book is divided into five parts. Part I provides the reader with the anatomy of the lower extremity and the kinesiology of human gait, surgical principles of amputation, patient assessment, and rehabilitation. Subsequent chapters address the design and function of lower extremity prosthetic sockets and components and the various types of prostheses. Specific chapters are devoted to prosthetic management of the various levels of limb loss from partial foot to hip disarticulation. Part II is similar to Part I and is devoted to the less common and often more challenging case of an upper extremity amputation and prosthetic restoration. Chapters in the third part address several topics such as the psychosocial impact of limb loss, sexuality, sports, and recreation as well as return to the community. The third part also addresses the complications an individual may face that are unique to his or her disability and a part of everyday life. Pain management, skin problems, and musculoskeletal problems are addressed. Individuals with special needs such as a person with multiple limb loss, children, aging adults, and cancer patients are given special attention in Part IV. The final portion of the book looks into the future of what prosthetic and robotic research might hold for the person with limb loss including upper extremity limb loss.

This book on principles of clinical cancer research is primarily for trainees and junior faculty interested in careers in clinical and translational research. It has three principal aims. The first is to introduce readers to the fundamentals of clinical cancer research, including the basic methodologies used in the field. The second is to guide trainees who aspire to careers in this field, by offering a mix of practical advice and analytical tools, and references to resources. The third is to assist educators, by providing them with an organizational structure and a set of practical examples upon which they can build an effective curriculum. The book is organized into 5 parts comprising 29 chapters. Within each chapter, the book attempts to provide a basic theoretical framework and heuristic explanation, coupled with a moderate degree of technicality and real-world examples. The first phase of this book is dedicated to translational research, including principles of molecular and cell biology, mechanisms of tumor growth, therapeutic strategies, and preclinical research methods. It discusses biomarker development and collaborations with industry as a segue into clinical applications. The second phase of this book focuses on fundamentals of human subjects research, including basic study designs and statistical methods. It introduces more sophisticated methods such as generalized linear modeling, time-to-event analysis, and machine learning, as well as introductions to critical branches of the population sciences, including cancer epidemiology, disparities research, and cost-effectiveness analysis. The final phase of the book deals with prospective human subjects research (i.e., clinical trials), including classic early and late phase trial designs, innovative adaptive trial designs, and meta-analysis. Special applications in the context of imaging, screening and prevention, quality of life, and comparative effectiveness research are also considered, to round out the volume.

This book delivers the practical insights and expert tips necessary for successful clinical research design, analysis, and implementation. It first covers the basics of research design: the variety of ways in which studies can be organized to address questions of association or causation; the appropriate sequencing of studies in a particular area to move most efficiently from demonstration of concept to a definitive and rigorous trial; methods and appropriate rigor of control conditions; retrospective and prospective trials; qualitative and quantitative analyses; and methods for summarizing, evaluating, and reporting clinical research in a particular area. Then, the book presents a discussion of selecting the correct statistical approach and when to consult a statistician. It reviews the varieties of data types; descriptive and inferential statistics; methods for demonstrating associations, hypothesis testing, and prediction; specialized methods, such as survival modeling; and specialized methods for epidemiological studies and measure construction. Further, the book includes a number of chapters on developing successful grant applications from planning and seeking consumer input to developing specific sections of research grant proposals, the project budget, and ancillary materials. The final chapters of the book cover the nuts and bolts of the timely and successful completion of the research project; developing procedural manuals and case report forms; collecting, managing, and securing data; operational structure and ongoing monitoring and evaluation of the project; and ethical and regulatory concerns in research with human subjects.

Integral to the growth of radiation oncology over the past 110 years has been the rise and fall of various types of brachytherapy, often in a reciprocal manner to the changes in external beam radiation therapy technology. This book serves to update practitioners and students on the latest developments in brachytherapy by assembling the literature, describing techniques, and illustrating these with actual clinical examples. It should be a practical source to clinical teams answering two basic questions: why and how. Ten clinical disease site chapters are preceded by chapters on the history, practical radiobiology, practical physics considerations. Chapter 2 starts with a very clear explanation of the basics of this subject, through the explanation of radiobiologic equivalence, to the four Rs of radiobiology: repair, repopulation, reoxygenation, and reassortment. Starting off with the needs for personnel, imaging equipment, and treatment planning, the third chapter goes on to cover the facilities and equipment, written procedures, the Quality Management Program, calibration, and emergency contingencies. Chapters 4 to 12 are on clinical disease sites and talk about genitourinary brachytherapy, gynecologic brachytherapy, breast brachytherapy, thoracic brachytherapy, skin brachytherapy, head and neck brachytherapy, central nervous system brachytherapy, gastrointestinal brachytherapy, soft tissue sarcoma brachytherapy, pediatric brachytherapy, and vascular brachytherapy. The final chapter deals with on organizational practical considerations.

This book provides an evidence-based review of how sex differences affect the risk of injury, presentation, and clinical course of sports-related injuries. It covers nutrition, hormones, concussion, pain, sports cardiology and pulmonology, and the particular care of adolescent and geriatric patients. The role of hormones on the central and peripheral nervous system is less understood when compared to joints, ligaments, muscle, and tendon. Receptors for estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and relaxin have been found in multiple locations of the musculoskeletal system involved in ACL injury, including ligaments, tendon, muscle, and the nervous system. Knowledge of how all forms of sex hormones affect the neuromusculoskeletal system is critical to the understanding of the sex disparity in ACL injury, as well as other forms of sports-related injury. Concussion is a common and important injury for a variety of sports participants at every level of play. Symptoms and cognitive function are two important components of the multimodal assessment of concussion. After sustaining a concussion, there have been reported balance and postural deficits. These deficits represent the complex interdependent relationship of the sensory and motor systems that make up our vestibular system that can be tested by vestibulo-ocular reflex, the vestibulospinal reflex and the vestibulocollic reflex techniques. A study of high school- and college-aged athletes in non-helmeted sports showed females were more than twice as likely as males to demonstrate cognitive dysfunction on neuropsychological testing post-concussion.

This book offers nursing and related fields a repository and living history of the evolution of nursing within a caring science paradigm over a 40-year span from foundational ideas and developments, to current work in education, research, and institutional/community practices of caring. It is organized into nine sections providing an in-depth analysis of the evolution of caring scholarship; systematic reviews of the concept of caring; theoretical perspectives, including conceptual orientations, middle-range theories, and grand theories; seminal research studies; research designs and methods; practice models for the integration of caring within contemporary hospital-based practice environments; caring in communities and for the environment; leadership and administrative issues with a focus on caring and economics; and the future of caring science. Each section features an introductory essay illuminating important concepts, followed by reflective questions appropriate for baccalaureate, master’s, and doctoral levels. Also included are multiple-choice questions, a variety of case studies, a digital teacher and student resource with PowerPoints for key ideas, and more. The meta-story of caring scholarship in this book helps to carry forward the heritage, history, values, goals, theories, ethics, knowledge, and philosophical views of humanity that guide the future professional and profession.

This book is intended for physiatrists, sports physicians, orthopedists, rheumatologists, and primary care physicians. Although there are comprehensive textbooks and abundant literature reviews devoted to musculoskeletal (MSK) medicine, gaps still exist regarding optimal outpatient management for many MSK disorders due to the relative paucity of information on the clinical decision-making process and differential diagnosis and treatment in the practice setting. The book tries to address these gaps by using a uniform approach to the diagnosis of MSK disorders in different anatomic locations and emphasizing the nonoperative management options applicable to the outpatient clinic. It provides a patho-anatomic approach based on the location of pain. This approach can be efficient and intuitive with sound knowledge of MSK anatomy, particularly in the peripheral MSK systems such as the hand and the foot. The book describes concise physical examinations for each anatomic region and the reader is encouraged to cultivate essential physical examination skills using other available resources and visual demonstration. Ultrasonography (US) has been increasingly available in the outpatient MSK clinic and has proven to be an important tool both in diagnosis and treatment. The book incorporates point-of-care ultrasound, defined as US performed and interpreted by the clinician at the bedside in the clinical decision-making process. It helps in framing a context for developing an initial management plan using flowcharts and providing quality nonoperative care, and fosters an approach to common MSK complaints that can be applied and adapted to the specifics of individual cases. It is up to each clinician to determine the most appropriate treatment for the patient.

This book focuses on key elements a healthcare practitioner needs to know to evaluate and manage multiple sclerosis (MS)and related neuroimmunological disorders. Information on disease history, pathophysiology, and biology are included to provide clinicians with a framework for understanding current diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment strategies for these disorders. In addition to reviewing disease-modifying treatments, the book focuses on frequent symptoms of MS and their treatment options. Assessment tools and treatment options for symptom management and rehabilitation have also evolved and become increasingly complex. Wellness promotion and patient-centered care are among the growing care strategies than can and should be applied to the management of MS. The goal of the book is to put together in one readily readable volume the core information that guides day-to-day care in an MS center. Each chapter is an amalgam of evidence-based data with experience-based guidance, combining the science and art of MS and related disease management. The authors present the approaches to care that they use in their centers. Where applicable, the authors provide lists of “Key Points” for clinicians as well as “Key Points” for patients and families. These highlights make the “gist” of each chapter clear and immediately available, and also provide a short summary that can be shared with patients. Critical-to-know information and management pearls are pulled out from the text and boxed for quick reference throughout the book. Illustrative cases are included in chapters where appropriate to amplify clinical recommendations. The authors made every effort to update the most recent medication changes, recognizing that this is a very fast changing field and we anticipate new medications in the near future. With this edition they have completed revised chapters on disease-modifying therapies, since there has been tremendous progress in this area.

This book discusses important topics that have come to the forefront of medical rehabilitation and disability, covering disabling conditions and disorders not only from clinical but also functional and psychological perspectives. It provides comprehensive guides on what to expect and how to manage each medical issue, discussing the causative agents, classification, pain management, psychological factors, and much more. The book is divided into three parts. Part I presents an introduction to key topics and issues. The second part offers discussions on several disabling conditions and disorders. The medical conditions/disorders discussed include AIDS and HIV infection, Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic brain injury, burn injuries, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, chronic pain syndromes, diabetes, epilepsy, hematological disorders, developmental disabilities, neuromuscular disorders, neuromuscular disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, pediatric disorders including cerebral palsy, and limb deficiency. Part III presents some special topics such as adult medical speech-language pathology, social work, telerehabilitation, and assistive technology.

This book is a clinically relevant reference guide for health care trainees, medical providers, and active allied health professionals who work with patients and clients suffering from all aspects of insults to the brain. Not limited to traumatic brain injuries, the book provides easy-to-follow formatting by providing information involving all aspects of acquired injuries to the brain and related clinical outcomes. Each chapter provides an overview of a subtype of brain injury, accompanied by history, pathophysiology, etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, other diagnostic considerations, treatment, prognosis, and clinical synopsis. Stroke is an enormous public health problem as it is one of the leading causes of both death and disability worldwide. Stroke symptoms, with very few exceptions, begin with the sudden onset of focal neurological deficits, which are confined to a vascular territory. Treatment of stroke can generally be divided into three categories: acute stroke management, rehabilitation, and secondary stroke prevention. Acquired brain injury (ABI), at any age, is a significant public health concern. It is particularly problematic in the elderly considering the increased rates of mortality and morbidity following ABI in this population. Optimal rehabilitation of ABI requires a multidisciplinary approach of trained rehabilitation specialists at appropriate timing and with appropriate intensity. Brain injury rehabilitation requires a comprehensive treatment program to reduce impairments and to restore function, participation, and quality of life. Useful case studies are also provided for most conditions described in the book.

This book imparts to the health care provider the basic tools of Spanish linguistics needed to provide care for the Spanish-speaking patient. The reader is provided with a variety of options to incorporate into his or her language goals. The book includes basic to advanced grammar, basic to advanced history and physical examination scenarios, and hospital-specialty-based patient encounters. An entire chapter is dedicated to enhancing the transcultural awareness of the health care provider caring for patients in the various countries that comprise Latin America. Each chapter includes a range of 8 to 36 audio segments that have been recorded in the Spanish language and in the English language, which enable the student to hear the pronunciation of the words, phrases, and sentences designed to enhance the interactions between the nurse and the Spanish-speaking patient. The book is divided into three sections. Section I presents the basics of Spanish language with chapters covering the alphabets, essential verbs, time and numbers. Basic anatomy, basic medical phrases, expressions to know the patient’s diet, his/her family, and Spanish phrases commonly used in patient care are also provided. The second section on medical Spanish begins with a presentation on patient assessment which is followed by discussions on pregnancy, childbirth and contraception. Transcultural assessment of the Spanish-speaking patient is also described. Section III offers summary review exercises and answers to review activities.

Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) is one of the broadest and most challenging specialties in medicine. Physiatrists see patients of all age groups with impairments of every organ system and must have a keen understanding of anatomy, biomechanics, ergonomics, exercise physiology, kinesiology, neurophysiology, pharmacology, and psychology. They not only prescribe medications and perform procedures, but also prescribe prosthetics, orthotics, splints, and complex medical equipment. They lead interdisciplinary teams that address the holistic bio-psycho-social and spiritual needs of people with disabling conditions. In PM&R, board certification has three components: The first component, Part I, is a written examination testing medical knowledge; the second component, Part II, is an oral examination that tests clinical practice skills. The third component, Part III, is maintenance of certification. The Accreditation Committee for Graduate Medical Education defined six core competencies for physicians: medical knowledge, clinical care, practice-based learning, communication, professionalism, and systems-based practice. Part I tests the first of these competencies, while Part II tests the remainder. This workbook is an additional tool, unique in its format. It walks the reader through cases in an interactive format. The cases are structured in a similar format to The American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (ABPMR) Part II. The content mirrors the exam outline, which is available on the ABPMR website. The exam consists of questions about case vignettes. Each vignette fits into one or more diagnostic categories, and each may focus on one or more evaluation or management skills. Each case tests five clinical skills: data acquisition, problem-solving, patient management, system-based practice, and interpersonal and communication skills. While the text is intended as a board review workbook to be used in preparation for the Part II exam, other audiences will find it helpful as well.