This chapter focuses on certification, licensure, and accreditation standards, as well as ethical and legal issues in counseling. This includes a focus on (a) confidentiality, (b) privacy of information and records, (c) informed consent, (d) boundaries and relationships, (e) liability, and (f) ethical practice and religious beliefs. We also address ethical standards and ethical decision-making models and processes. Additionally, the chapter includes a discussion about counselor scope of practice, competency, and counselor impairment. We also integrate information regarding cultural considerations and social justice and advocacy.