Patients may seek care for a range of common gynecologic concerns, including menstrual disorders, sexually transmitted infections, vaginosis and vaginitis, sexual dysfunction, contraception, preconception, perimenopause and menopause, and breast or cervical abnormalities. This chapter discusses pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). PFD is common, affecting approximately 25% of all women. PFD disorders include urinary incontinence (UI), overactive bladder, pelvic organ prolapse, anal incontinence, and chronic pelvic pain. A careful history, physical exam, and laboratory testing are crucial to the diagnosis and treatment. Although not life-threatening, PFD can impair physical and psychological health and quality of life. This chapter discusses the etiology, history, physical examination, differential diagnosis, laboratory testing, treatment and intervention, complications, consultation/referral, and follow-up for PFD.