Bacteriuria refers to the presence of bacteria in urine, which is normally sterile. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the presence of a bacteria colony count in the urine that would usually be consistent with infection, without presentation of local or systemic signs and symptoms. When bacteriuria causes symptoms, urinary tract infection (UTI) is diagnosed. UTIs are one of the most common bacterial infections encountered by clinicians. Frequency, urgency, dysuria, suprapubic pressure or pain, and hematuria are the most common signs and symptoms of UTI and diagnosis can often be made by history alone. Urine culture and sensitivity is a laboratory test used to complement diagnosis of UTIs and guide antibiotic treatment plans. It is considered the gold standard in diagnosing UTIs; however, it is costly, and waiting 3 to 5 days for results can delay treatment. Therefore, many UTIs are treated after history and physical examination and urinalysis alone.